X. THE CHANGE OF PROTOPLASM STRUCTURE 



315 



be surplus, because it may be reasonable to consider that the elementary 

 body of the protoplasm which by chance is situated in the center of the 

 cell may somewhat be disturbed in its structure, because of its special 

 position, by the physicochemical influence coming from the cell surface 

 upon which a certain stimulus is added ; the disturbence in the struc- 

 ture of the body may give rise to the liberation of free groups which 

 can fuse other proteins or protein components into the body leading 

 to its vigorous growth until the division takes place. The growth 

 and the division of chromosomes distributed between the two centrioles 

 may be likewise attributed to their special position, i. e. the center 

 of the electrical field produced by the centriole particles in a stimu- 

 lated state. 



The long effective distance of the charge of centrioles may be ac- 

 counted for by the layer of water molecules attracted and regularly 

 oriented around the centrioles as considered in Chapter II in Part II. 

 The effect of the charge of both cortex and chromosomes must be 

 likewise of the same nature, and therefore the pattern of the equili- 

 brium of the effect at the phase when the separation of the centrioles 

 is established may be as shown in Fig. 31. Hence, chromosomes are 



y Chromosome 



Fig. 31 

 Pattern of equilibrium of electrostatic forces in mitosis 



not to be regarded as being distributed in a circular plane between 

 the two centrioles, but distributed on the circumference of the circle. 

 The protoplasm threads passing through the inside of the circum- 

 ference may be either combined with the chromosomes or broken off 

 at the middle point by the extensive pulling, thus contributing to the 

 occurrence of the division of the cell mass. 



