SCIEXTIFIC RESULTS 



153 



from foUowino- tlie main di'ift ; (?>) a shoulder of warm Atlantic 

 water often deHects the outer part of the eold current with its ice 

 out jsast P^leniish Cap (see fig. 10:3): and (r) the continual north- 

 Mesterly gales drive ol?' great fields of pack ice and whatever bergs 

 are entangled therein. 



Any retreat of the warm salty inthrust lietAveen Plemish Cap and 

 the bank, any change in atmospheric circulation, or the dissipation 

 of the ])a<'k ice may initiate the file of icebergs doAvn the east 



Greenland Bergs in Tropical Waters 



Fkjuke OS. — While the crew of the ice ijatrol ship dive 

 into n-(ii)ie;il waters of 72° F.. <ir ^-u'aiul ieeher.as 

 float in the offing. It has been found that the hergs 

 which enter the warm confines of the Gulf Stream, 

 south of Kewfoundiand, seldom survive more than 

 a week or ten days. (Official photograph, inter- 

 national icf patrol.) 



side of the Grand Bank. The first bergs reach the Tail of the 

 Grand Bank early in April. These are believed to be the rem- 

 nants of the i^revious season that have survived the summer's heat 

 in high latitudes and have remained frozen in the pack ice along 

 the American shore over the Avinter and started south again in 

 the spring. Bergs of tliis group usually show much disintegra- 

 tion, therefore they do not as a rule survive long in North Atlantic 

 wateis. Tlie pack ire wlii^h has held them in the far north over 



