Chapter XI 

 The Reproduction of Viruses: A Comparative Survey 



S. E. LURIA 



Department of Bacteriology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 



I. Virus Infection as Infective Heredity 549 



A. Virus Multiplication, Cell Multiplication, and Cell Growth 549 



B. Virus as Genetic Determinant 551 



C. Virus Eeplication and Virus Maturation 551 



II. Multiplication of Bacteriophage 553 



A. The Natiu-e of the Replicating Phage Material 553 



B. Infectious DNA from Phage Particles 554 



C. Kinetics of Replication of Vegetative Phage 555 



D. Functions of the Phage Genome .... 555 



1 . Conversions of Cellular Properties by Phage 556 



2. Biosyntlieses Related to Phage Replication 556 



3. S;yntheses Related to Phage Maturation 557 



E. Phage Maturation and Infective Heredity 558 



1 . Transduction 558 



2. Defective Prophages 558 



III. Multiplication of Tobacco Mosaic Virus 559 



A. RNA as the Initiator of Infection 559 



B. TMV Protein and Virus Maturation 560 



C. Other RNA Viruses 561 



IV. Multiplication of Animal Viruses 562 



A. Myxovirus Group 562 



B. Other Viruses 562 



V. Virus Multiplication, Cell Function, and Cell Organization 563 



A. Restatement of the Dual Hypothesis 563 



B. Cell Damage and Virus Multiplication 564 



C. Viruses and Cellular Constituents 565 



References 566 



I. Virus Infection as Infective Heredity 



A. Virus Multiplication, Cell Multiplication, and Cell Growth 



The problem of virus growth has features that differ from those of growth 

 problems in cells and in miilticellular organisms. Multicellular organisms 

 grow by fission of cells and multiply by releasing some more or less special- 

 ized cells, which give rise to new individuals. Multiplication of cells is itself, 

 in turn, the culmination of intracellular processes, during which specific 

 subcellular structures and molecular species increase in number. The replica- 

 tion of these subcellular elements represents cell growth, ultimately leading 



549 



