78 THE MOSQUITOES OF NEW JERSEY 



Abdominal segments have lateral tufts of hair, four or five in each in 

 two anterior segments, two each in succeeding ones^ seventh with short 

 tufts only. Eighth segment has lateral patches of scales, about ten or 

 twelve in each, though may be as many as fifteen, arranged in irregular 

 double row ; single scale rather broad, pointed at apex ; fringed at sides 

 with fine, short hair. Anal siphon dirty yellow, two and one-half to 

 three times as long as broad at base, lateral rows of spines consist each 

 of from fourteen to eighteen spines extending half length of siphon from 

 base, terminal two separated from rest and from each other. Individual 

 spines usually two- or three-toothed, but occasionally one-toothed or 

 even simple. Ninth segment almost square, not quite ringed by saddle ; 

 double dorsal tuft and ventral brush normal, latter with several small 

 tufts below barred area. Anal gills about twice as long as ninth segment. 



HABITS OF THE EARLY STAGES 



Larvae of this species occur almost everywhere except on the salt 

 marshes or in positively foul water. They are common in Woodland pools, 

 though second to canadensis there, and are dominant in open swamp 

 areas. In the Passaic Valley, specimens appear in early April and in the 

 Great Piece meadow every pool will be found loaded with larvae at al- 

 most all times. The eggs do not seem to hatch evenly in spring, and 

 young larvae will be found when there are already pupae in the same 

 pool. So, not all the eggs laid by one female seem to hatch during the 

 same season or at one time. Some may lie over until next year, but the 

 majority hatch, because there is a steady increase in number with each 

 brood. Just how many broods there may be in one season depends on 

 weather conditions. As early as May 9, a plentiful supply of adults was 

 found in the Garret Mountains, near Paterson, and large larvae in the 

 pools. May 21, there was a young brood in the pools in the Great Piece 

 meadows and in early June, broods were found in the woodland pools 

 along the Whippany River near Morristown, and in the Orange Moun- 

 tains. Late in June full grown larvae were in the pools on the Preakness 

 Mountain, near Paterson, and before July 1 the adults were out in 

 force. In the Black River Swamp they were found in the same condition 

 at about the same time and so, on June 30, mostly pupae were found in 

 woodland pools on the borders of Spring Lake, near Trenton. July 21, 

 there was a young brood in the pools surrounding Lake Hopatcong, 

 and a few days later mature larvae and pupae were taken everywhere in 

 pools in the Hackensack Valley. The entire Passaic and Hackensack 

 Valleys were kept under observation during 1903, as were also those 

 large swamp areas in Essex and Morris Counties, and always vexans 



