MOSQUITO BIOLOGY 91 



and flat at sides ; four large and four small tufts of hair arise from ver- 

 tex, two of large ones of six or seven hairs each from central portion, 

 between which four small tufts are situated, one of ten or eleven hairs 

 near base of each antenna. Of small tufts anterior pair are each com- 

 posed of six hairs, posterior pair of seven each. Another pair of mod- 

 erate sized hair tufts near base of head just below and inward of eyes; 

 composed of five hairs each. Eyes remarkably small, black and placed 

 far down on sides of head. Antenna very long and somewhat filamentous, 

 infuscated at basal third and almost colorless beyond ; large tuft of 

 eighteen to twenty long hairs arises from offset at basal third, and from 

 this point shaft continued for some little distance, apparently as thick- 

 ened side of hollow tube open on one side to apex of main shaft ; apex 

 terminated by two long needle-like spines, and filamentous process has 

 very small articulated spine at end, Mentum triangular with deeply ex- 

 cavated base and six large teeth on each side of apical one, besides small 

 tooth, sometimes present near base. Mandible much like that of ordi- 

 nary Culex type, but has three curved dorsal spines and teeth small and 

 situated some distance back from apex. In maxillary palpus subapical 

 spine is exceptionally long and blade-like and basal process rather small 

 with curved apical teeth. 



Thorax and abdomen normal in form, former with usual number and 

 location of long hair tufts ; but abdomen has only one tuft of two hairs 

 on each side of first segment, following five each having single long lat- 

 eral hair, while segments seven and eight have none except several short 

 hairs which are common to all segments. Eighth segment bears lateral 

 patches of scales, each composed of from twelve to sixteen scales ar- 

 ranged in irregular, partly double row. Individual scale lanceolate, with 

 long apical spine and fringes of small spines at sides. Ninth segment 

 somewhat variable in length, but always longer than broad and com- 

 pletely encircled by light brown chitinous ring. Ventral brush normal 

 but dorsal hair tufts four instead of usual two. Anal gills slightly longer 

 than width of ninth segment and supplied with obvious trachea. Breath- 

 ing tube highly complex representing extreme modification of ordinary 

 anal siphon. Pale brown ; extreme base and apical half strongly infus- 

 cated. From dorsal aspect bottle shaped with basal half greatly dilated. 

 From side apical half curves slightly dorsally and two long blade-like 

 spines arise from large papillae, situated on distinct dorsal offset. Con- 

 stricted portion of tube provided within with projecting flaps which 

 appear to hold inner chitinous tube in position. Apex of each lateral set 

 of flaps furnished with six horizontally extended hooks. Inner tube, to 

 which trachea are attached at its base, complicated structure of several 



