MOSQUITO BIOLOGY 113 



pearance that it gives impression of different species. Maculation on 

 vertex shown in Fig. XXXV very constant, does not vary from definite 

 pattern shown. Marks and dots never very prominent ; and the darker 

 the general color of head, the less obvious they appear ; but usually can 

 be discerned. Four tufts of four or five hairs each on head, two on each 

 side of center, one pair a little ahead of other, and larger tuft at base 

 of each antenna. Antennae short, slender, light brown, paler at base, 

 set with sparse stout spines and more numerous very small ones. Viewed 

 from side antennae slightly bi-sinuate, i.e., makes both an in and out 

 curve on each margin. Tuft composed of from six to ten long hairs and 

 situated well below middle. Apex has both a long and a short spine, two 

 bristles and little joint, all articulated to main segment. Eyes black, of 

 good size, somewhat kidney-shaped, occupy the widest part of the head. 

 Central hairs of rotary mouth brushes very finely comb-toothed or 

 pectinated. Mentum very constant, triangular in form, with from twelve 

 to fourteen teeth on each side of apex, toothed edges only slightly 

 curved. Mandible characteristic in form and best described by reference 

 to figure. Maxillary part bearing palpus has large tuft of moderately 

 long hair, inner surface well clothed with hair arranged in rows and 

 patches. Thorax angulated at sides, one and one-half times as broad as 

 long, dorsum a little depressed and wrinkled, each of three lateral angles 

 with tuft of long hair arising from tubercle, and two tufts of two 

 hairs each, at anterior margin. Abdominal segments one to seven oblong 

 or subquadrate, each with lateral hair tuft which becomes smaller and 

 shorter posteriorly. Eighth segment has lateral patches of from twenty- 

 five to fifty elongated fringed scales, forty being average. These scales 

 approximately constant in all stages, but fewer and differently ar- 

 ranged in smaller larvae. Anal siphon at least three times as long as 

 broad, has two series of toothed spines, each series ranging from six- 

 teen to twenty-four, eighteen being about average. In mature larva 

 color like that of body, but in early stages tip is black. Ninth segment 

 subquadrate in outline, dorsal part of apical margin with two tufts in 

 each, of which one hair much longer than others ; ventral part of 

 margin with barred area from which arise ten to twelve tufts of from 

 five to seven hairs each. Anal gills moderately long and not supplied 

 with obvious trachea in later stages. 



Young larva in captivity, when undisturbed, has habit of using anal 

 siphon as a pivot around which it swings with head bent upward so as 

 to feed on material just below or at the surface. In all stages larva 

 are more nearly parallel to surface than are most of the other Aedes 

 species. 



