PINACEAE 



Western White Pine 

 Pinus monticola Dougl. 



HABIT. A tree 90-180 feet high and 21^-5 feet in diameter 

 (max. 200 by 8 feet); on good sites a tall bole with narrow, 

 symmetrical crown and slender, drooping branches. 



LEAVES. In fascicles of 5; 2-4 inches long; slender; twisted; 

 blue-green; persistent 3-4 years; sheath deciduous; margin with 

 minute teeth; all sides marked by stomata. 



FLOWERS. Male yellow; female red-purple in clusters. 



FRUIT. Cones long-stalked; 5-15 (mostly 8-11) inches 

 long; narrow; scales thin, unarmed, with terminal umbo. Seed: 

 14 inch long with wing about 1 inch long; red-brown. 



TWIGS. Slender; at first rusty-pubescent, later smooth and 

 red-brown to purple-brown. Winter buds: Yz inch long; ob- 

 long ovoid. 



BARK. On young stems thin, smooth, and light gray; on ma- 

 ture trees rarely over 1^ inches thick in square or rectangular, 

 dark gray plates. 



WOOD. Very important; soft, light in weight, and not strong; 

 light brown heartwood; similar to eastern white pine; planing 

 mill products, building, construction, patterns, etc. 



SILVICAL CHARACTERS. Tolerant when young, becom- 

 ing intolerant with age; maturity reached in 200-350 years 

 (extreme age, 400-500 years); reproduction generally sparse; 

 tree windfirm with well developed tap and lateral root system; 

 fire, blister rust, and bark beetles cause damage. 



HABITAT. Canadian zone; altitudinal range from 2,000- 

 7,000 feet; best on rich, porous, moist soils; often forming ex- 

 tensive pure forests and elsewhere in mixtures with other coni- 



fTS. 



* * * 



Eastern White Pine 



Pinus strobus L. 



Until about 1890 this species was the most important forest 

 tree in North America. It is still an important species and very 

 similar in appearance to western white pine, from which it 

 can be distinguished by its distribution, its cone length which 

 varies from 4—8 (mostly about 5) inches long, and its needle 

 persistence of 2 (rarely 3) years. 



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