PINACEAE 



Bishop Pine 



Pinus muricata D. Don 



HABIT. A tree 30-80 feet high and 1-3 feet in diameter; 

 handome, rounded crown of dense tufted foliage. 



LEAVES. In fascicles of 2; 4-6 inches long; dark yellow- 

 green; thick; rigid; persistent 2-3 years; basal sheath persistent. 



FLOWERS. Male in orange-colored spikes; female in whorls. 



FRUIT. Sessile; in clusters of 3-7; 2-4 inches long; ovoid; 

 yellow-brown; unsymmetrical with outer basal scales knoblike 

 and extended into spurlike spines; often remaining closed and 

 persistent for years. Seed: V4 inch long, black. 



TWIGS. Stout; rough; orange-brown. Winter buds: Yz inch 

 long, brown. 



BARK. Thick; purple-brown; rough; furrowed. 



WOOD. Unimportant; moderately light and strong; lumber 

 and fuel. 



SILVICAL CHARACTERS. Moderately tolerant; short- 

 lived; rapid growth; reproduction aggressive, especially fol- 

 lowing fire. 



HABITAT. Variety of sites from wet clays and peat bogs 

 to dry sandy ridges; pure stands or mixed with lodgepole, ma- 

 drone, and oaks; commonly planted ornamental. 



* * * 



ToRREY Pine 



Pinus torreyana Parry 



HABIT. A rare, local tree 25-60 feet high and 8-14 inches 

 in diameter; few, stout, spreading branches; rounded crown. 



LEAVES. In fascicles of 5; 7-13 inches long; dark yellow- 

 green; rigid; persistent 3-4 years; basal sheath persistent. 



FLOWERS. Male yellow in heads; female on long stalks. 



FRUIT. Long-stalked; 4-6 inches long; broad-ovoid; choco- 

 late-brown; thick-scaled; persistent 3-4 years. Seed: % inch, 

 wing Yz inch, edible. 



TWIGS. Very stout; smooth; green first year becoming black. 



BARK. About 1 inch thick; red-brown; rough; furrowed. 



WOOD. Unimportant; too rare to be of any use. 



SILVICAL CHARACTERS. Intolerant; short-lived; repro- 

 duction abundant. 



HABITAT. Dry soil (15 inches rain annually) but very humid 

 air ; in pure, open groves ; smallest range of any American pine, 

 on Santa Rosa Island and north of San Diego. 



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