* White Oak 



Quercus alba L. 



HABIT. A medium-sized tree 80-100 feet high and 3-4 feet 

 in diameter (max. 150 by 9 feet); crown rounded with heavy 

 branches. 



LEAVES. Deciduous; oblong to obovate; 5-9 inches long; 

 7-9 (rarely 5)-lobed, with lobes either broad with shallow sinuses 

 or narrow with deep sinuses extending nearly to the midrib; 

 apex of lobes rounded; thin and firm; bright green and glabrous 

 above and paler below. 



FRUIT. Maturing in fall of first year; sessile or short-stalked; 

 inner surface of nut shell glabrous; acorn J^-% inch long, light 

 brown, oblong, enclosed for about Ya its length in bowl-like cup 

 with thickened warty scales; kernel sweet. 



TWIGS. Rather stout; reddish. Winter buds: terminal Yq 

 inch long, ovoid to globose, obtuse, red-brown, glabrous. 



BARK. Light ashy gray; typically irregularly plated with 

 loose plates, but sometimes furrowed with narrow ridges. 



WOOD. The most important species of oak; heavy, hard, 

 and strong; heartwood light brown and quite durable; used 

 for furniture, cooperage, finish, ties, etc. 



SILVICAL CHARACTERS. Intermediate in tolerance; 

 rather slow growing; long-lived, attaining ages of 600 years. 



Bur Oak 



Quercus macrocarpa Michx. 



HABIT. A handsome medium-sized tree 60-80 feet high 

 and 2-3 feet in diameter (max. 1 70 by 7 feet) ; crown rounded 

 with large, heavy branches. 



LEAVES. Deciduous; oblong to obovate; 6-12 inches long; 

 characteristically 5-9-lobed, with rounded lobes, the 2 center 

 sinuses nearly dividing the leaf into 2 halves; thick; dark green 

 and lustrous above, paler and hairy below. 



FRUIT. Maturing in. one year; sessile or long-stalked; acorn 

 %-2 inches long, ellipsoidal, brown, enclosed for Yj> to all of 

 its length in a characteristic fringe-margined cup; inner surface 

 of nut shell glabrous; kernel sweet. 



TWIGS. Stout; yellow-brown to gray; often with character- 

 istic corky wings. Winter buds: Vs-H inch long, hairy. 



BARK. Thick; gray-brown; deeply furrowed and ridged. 



WOOD. Important; similar to Q. alba. 



SILVICAL CHARACTERS. Similar to Q. alba; moist bot- 

 tomlands to dry hills in northwest; extending farthest west of 

 eastern oaks. 7 



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