ULMACEAE 



Hackberry 



Celtis occidentalis L. 



HABIT. Occasionally shrubby, but often a rather large 

 tree 100-120 feet high and 1-2 feet in diameter (max. 130 by 

 5 feet) ; crown rounded and of large, spreading branches. 



LEA\'ES. Ovate to ovate-lanceolate; 2i/2~4 inches long; 

 long-acuminate apex; obliquely rounded base; coarsely serrate 

 or rarely almost entire; rather thin; light, dull green and rough 

 above, slightly paler and pilose along veins below; turning light 

 yellow in autumn; petioles Va-Vi inch long. 



FRUIT. V3 inch in diameter; subglobose, ovoid, or obovoid; 

 dark purple; on stems ^/2-M inch long; thick, tough skin; dark 

 orange-colored flesh; oblong, pointed, light brown nutlet with 

 prominently reticulated pit. 



TWIGS. Slender; ridged; light brown, becoming darker; 

 pubescent or glabrous; marked by pale, oblong lenticels; pith 

 finely chambered at nodes. Winter buds: K inch long, ovoid, 

 pointed, pubescent, chestnut-brown. 



BARK. Rather thick (1-1 V^ inches); dark brown; smooth, 

 or more or less roughened by irregular wartlike excrescensces 

 or by long ridges. 



SILVICAL CHARACTERS. Intermediate intolerance; rapid 

 growing; lateral roots; the largest and most handsome member 

 of the genus; frequently planted in west because of drouth 

 resistance; adapted to variety of sites, doing best on moist, rich 

 soils, and stunted and scraggly on poor, dry sites. 



LiNDHEIMER HaCKBERRY 



Celtis lindheimeri Engelm. 



This is a small tree native only to Texas and quite similar to 

 netleaf hackberry. Identifying characters are included in the 

 key. 



Georgia Hackberry 

 Celtis tenuifolia Nutt. {Celtis pumil a var. georgiana (Small) Sarg.) 



This shrub or small tree is found on hills from New Jersey 

 to Florida and Alabama and less commonly in Illinois, Missouri, 

 Oklahoma, and Arkansas. Identifying characters are included 

 in the key. 



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