172 C. LAPWORTH ON GRAPTOLITES 
À detailed reply to each of these questions would be of especial service at this stage 
of our enquiry. At present, the evidence is not fully complete. In our British Ordovi- 
cian rocks, the Cœnograptus (Norman’s Kill) zone is about half way up the total succes- 
sion, i.e. in the middle of the Llandeilo formation, which has the Arenig below, and the 
Caradoc above. On a priori grounds, this also must be its. place in the Canadian succes- 
sion. The difficulty lies in finding the true base of the Ordovician in Canada. If the 
Chazy answers broadly to our Arenig, the Trenton to our Llandeilo, and the Utica and 
Hudson River Group to our Caradoc, then the place of this Cœnograptus zone is in the 
middle of the Trenton. If the Chazy overlies the Quebec Group, then the Cœnograptus 
zone lies below the Trenton. If the Trenton is of the age of our Middle Llandeilo, then 
the Cenograptus zone answers to the lowest Utica beds; but this, as I have here said, I 
hold to be not yet demonstrated. In any case, the place of the Cœnograptus zone is about 
midway between the base of the Point Levis (Phyllograptus beds) and the summit of the 
Lorraine (Hudson River Group.) 
SUBZONE III A.—Rocks of the Cove Fields and St. John’s Market, Quebec, and of the North 
Side of the Island of Orleans. 
The fossils from these localities are few in number, and somewhat difficult of identi- 
fication. The species are all of Llandeilo-Bala age (see Comparative Table), and the general 
facies indicates an horizon about the summit of the Caenograptus or Marsouin beds zone, 
last described. The association of forms reminds me of that of the highest Glenkiln and 
lowest Hartfell beds of the south of Scotland. I should imagine that they follow on at 
once upon the Cœnograptus beds without a break—indeed, it is possible that Ceenograptus 
may be detected among them; but, judging from the British phenomena, this is doubtful. 
It is not unlikely that these Cove Field beds mark the transition from the Marsouin beds 
into the lowest zones of the Black River or Trenton Limestones. The presence of a form 
identical with, or closely allied to, the G. amplexicaulis of Hall, points in this direction. 
The main point is perfectly clear. There is nothing in the Cove Fields and St. John’s 
Market fauna that reminds us, in the slightest degree, of the fauna of Point Levis. The 
fossils are the fossils of the Marsouin River fauna, or second Ordovician fauna, and have 
not a species in common with the first Ordovician fauna—the typical fauna of the rocks 
of Point Levis. 
SUMMARY. 
(1)—The Graptolites of the collection examined are all derived from rocks of greater 
antiquity than the so-called Utica and Hudson River rocks, if we regard these as typified 
by the fauna hitherto described from the Graptolitic rocks of Lake St. John, Canada, and 
those of the valley of the Mohawk, in the State of New York. 
(2.)—There are two grand faunas represented in the collection :—(A) The so-called 
Quebec fauna of the Calciferous-Chazy formations of Cape Breton, Cape Rosier, Point 
Levis and Ste. Anne, which answers to the fauna of the British Upper Tremadoe and 
Arenig rocks and their European equivalents; and (B) the Griffin Cove, Marsouin River 
