12 EEPORT OF COMMISSIONED OF FISH AND FISHEEIES. 



another fish, the " scuppaug " or " scup" {Stcnotomtis argyrops.)* As may 

 be su[)posed, the name of JSTarragansett origin is most exclusively used 

 in Southern Massachusetts and on the shores of Narragausett Bay, the 

 former home of that tribe of Indians. In its present form it first appeared 

 in print in 1792, in the New Tork Agricultural Transactions, in an article 

 by the Hon. Ezra L'Hommedieu.t 



23. "Hardhead" and "bony-fish" explain themselves, both referring 

 to the same peculiarity of structure. The former name was first used 

 about 1813 by Belknap in his History of New Hampshire; the latter, as 

 well as "white-fish," by President Dwight in his Travels in New 

 England. 



24. The application of "white-fish" is also sufficiently evident, 

 although this name is not a distinctive one, being applied to a large 

 group of North American fresh-water fishes, the Coregonidce, and in 

 certain localities to the bluefish {Pomatomus saltatrix). In England the 

 term "white-fish" is used to designate cod, haddock, hake, ling, pollock, 

 soles, turbot, plaice, halibut, and whiting 



25. "Mossbunker" is a relic of the days of the Dutch colony at New 

 Amsterdam, and the name is still lovingly retained by the inhabitants 

 of Manhattan Island. It was in use as early as 1661, as we learn from 

 an allusion in Jacob Steendam's poem in "Praise of New Netherland" 

 {H Loufvan Mew Nederland).^ 



The allusion to the Mossbunker is as follows : 



" Swart-vis, en Eocli, en Earing, en Makreel 

 Sclielvis, Masbank, on Voroa die (se veel) 

 Tot walgins toe, de netten'vuld : en heel 

 Min ward ge-eeten." 



" The black and rock-flsh, herring, mackerel, 

 The haddock, mossbanker, and roach, which fill 

 The nets to loathing ; and so many, all 

 Cannot he eaten." 



Allusion has already been made in the letter of Professor Trumbull, 

 to the great schools of " inarsbanckers " seen by Bankers and Sluyter 

 on their visit to New York, in 1679, and every one remembers the refer- 

 ence to this fish in Irving's "Knickerbocker," in connection with the 

 death of the renowned trumpeter, Antony Van Corlear, where the name 

 first appears crystallized in its x>resent form.§ 



* This probably misled De Kay, who stated that the menhaden were known at the 

 eastern end of Long Island as " skippaugs." He also remarked that " pauhagen" (pro- 

 nounced Pauhaugen) was the Narragansett epithet, while " menhaden" was that applied 

 by the Manhattan Indians. 



t Appendix O. 



X This poem, cited by Professor Trumbull in the Eeport of the Commission of Fish 

 and Fisheries for 1871-72, p. 168, was jirinted, with an English translation, by IIou. 

 Henry C. Murphy, for the Bradford Club, of New York (Anthology of New Netherland : 

 Bradford Club Series, No. 4, 1865, pp. 52, 55). 



§ A History of New York ■* * * gy Diedrich Knickerbocker. New York, 1809. 



" It was a dark and stormy night when the good Antony arrived at the creek (sagely 

 denominated Haerlem river) which sex^arates the island of Mannahatta from the main 



