EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 



Plate L 



Figure 1. Brevoortia tyrannus (p. 19), adult, 12 inches long, from Wood's HoU, Mass. Drawn by H. L. 

 Todd. 



Plate IL , 



Figure 2. Brevoortia tyrannus (p. 19), young, 8 inches long, from "Wood's Holl (So. 20,CC6 c). Drawn by 

 H. L. Todd. 



Plate IIL 



Figure 3. Brevoortia tyrannus, subsp. aurea (p. 21). Drawn by H. L. Todd, from a specimen in the 

 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Brazil. 



Plate IV. 



Outlines showing the variations of Brevoortia tyrannus (p. 21) : 

 Figure 4. Brevoortia tyrannus, subsp. menhaden, Wood's Holl. 

 Figure 5. Brevoortia tyrannus, subsp. brevicaudata, ISToank, Conn. 

 Figure 6. Brevoortia tyrannus, subsp. menhaden, Saint John's Kiver, Fla. 

 Figure 7. Brevoortia tyrannus, subsp. aurea, BraziL 



Plate V. 



Figure 8. Brevoortia patronus (p. 26), young? 8 inches long, from Brazos Santiago, Texas (892 a). Drawn 

 by H. L. Todd. 



Plate VL 



Figure 9. Brevoortia pectinata (p. 30). Drawn by H. L. Todd, from a specimen in the Museum of Com- 

 parative Zoology, Eio Grande, Brazil. 



Plate VII. 



Figure 10. Brevoortia dorsalis (p. 37), west coast of Afric.i. Outline from Bleeker's Plate. 



Plate VUL 



Figure 11. Facsimile of plate accompanying Latrobe's description of Clupea tyrannus and Oniscus 

 prai'justator, (p. 15), from Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. V, 1802, Plate L 



Plate IX. 



Figure 12. Map showing geographical distribution of the Korth American menhaden, the annual 

 movements of the schools, and the locations of the fishing-grounds and the oil-factories. 



Plate X. 



P.arasites of the menhaden. Drawn by J. H. Emerton : 

 Figure 13. Head of fish showing the position of the crustacean parasite (p. 102). 

 Figure 14. Cymothoa proegustator (p. 101). 

 Figure 15. Lcemonema rodiata (p. 104). 



Plate XL 



Figure 16. Map of the menhaden fishing-grounds of Maine (from.Maddocfes' Eeport). 



Plate xn. 



Figure 17. Diagram of temperature strata in the Atlantic Ocean between K'ew York and the Ber-- 

 mudas, April 24 to May 8, 1873 (p. CO). Copied from the " Eeports of C.apt. G. S. Nares, E. N. (H. M. S. 

 Challenger), with abstract of soundings and diagrams of ocean temperatures in the North and South' 

 Atlantic Oceans, 1873." 



Plate XIIL 



Figure 18. Diagram of temperature strata in the Atlantic Ocean between Halifax, Nova Scotia, and tho- 

 Bermnd.is, (p. 66). From Captain Nares's Keport. 



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