84 LAWSON: EBVISION OF THE 



A. spicala, var. rubra. Aitou, Hort. Kew. ed. 1, IL, p. 221. Willd., Sp. PI., II., p. 

 1139. Michaux, FL, I., p. 308. Wood, CI. Bk. & Fl., p. 212. 



A. Americana, var. p. baccis rubris. Fursh, Fl. Am., IL, p. 367. (1814.) 



A. brachijpetala,Y2ir. 13. rubra. DC. Syst. Nat., I., p. 385. (1818). Richardson, in Frauk- 

 liu's Jour., p. 12. 



A. longipes. Spach, Hist. Veg., VIL, p. 388. 



Canada ; from Hiidson Bay to the Rocky Mountains, as far north as lat. 60° in 

 woods. — Todd, Richardson, Drnmmond, Hook., FL, B.-A. Near Odessa, Ont., July 10th, 1861 ; 

 Portsmouth near Kingston, Ont., June 4th, 1859 ; Indian Island, Bay of Quinte, June 5th, 

 1862 ; Toronto, June 2ud, 1862 ; Chelsea Mountains near Ottawa, May 24th, 1884 ; Blomidon 

 and Lucyfield, Nova Scotia. — Laivson. Bass River, Kent, New Brunswick. — Rev. J. Foioler, 

 sp. in fl. Montreal Mountain, May, 1848. — James Adie, sp. in fl. Maiden. — Dr. P. W. 

 Maclagan. Newfoundland, Barbe Bay, Aug. Vth, 1861. — J. Richardson, in fl., in Herb. Bot. 

 Soc. Canad. Slave Lake, June 24th ; York Factory, in fl., September. — McTavish. Between 

 Wild Rice River and Red Lake River, September, 1860. — Dr. Schultz, sp. No. 114. Belle- 

 ville, frequent in rich woods ; common in rich woods from Nova Scotia and New Bruns- 

 wick to the Rocky Mountains, and north to lat. 60^, — exclusively a forest plant. — Macoun. 

 Near Emerson, Manitoba. — Burgess. Belleville, 2nd Concession. — Macoun, in Herb. Canad. 

 Survey. Ste. Anne des Montes, P. Quebec, June lYth, 1883. — Porter. Bass River, New 

 Brunswick, flrst flowering: June 4th, 1867; May 29th, 1868; June 2nd, l'èQ'è.—Foiuler. 

 Lake Winnipeg. — R. King, Back's Expedition, 1883-4. Newfoundland, 18G6-8. — H. Reeks, 

 Lond. Jour. Bot., IX., p. 16. 



3. — ACT^A RUBRA, var. ARGUTA. 



Plant much larger than the typical form of rubra. Leaflets elliptical, acuminate, 

 deejîly doubly incised. Racemes oblong and loose in flower ; pedicels filiform, scarcely 

 thickening in fruit. Berries small, dark red. In Prof Macoun's specimens from Fraser 

 River the leaves are much smaller than in those of Dr. Dawson from Quesnelle and the 

 Rocky Mountains ; the raceme is elongated in fruit. 



Actœa arguta. Nuttall, in Torr. & Gr., Fl. N. Am., I., p. 35. 



A. spicata var. arguta. Torrey, Pacif Ry. Rep., IV., p. 63. Brewer & Watson, Bot. 

 Calif, p. 12. 



Extends from Washington Territory to Alaska. Fraser River, B. C. — Macoun, in Herb. 

 Canad. Survey. Mitchell's Creek, Rooky Mountains, July 11th, 1883; Quesnelle, B. C, 

 May 27th, 1876.— Dr. G. M. Dawson, in Herb. Canad. Survey. 



Whilst our three British American forms of Actœa closely' resemble each other in 

 their habit or mode of growth, foliage, flowers and fruit, and each indicates some 

 tendency to variation under varying conditions of soil and climate, and probably in some 

 cases as the result of crossing, yet their distinctive characters are too well marked to 

 admit of their being lumped into one species, or merged in the European A. spicata, — whose 

 small, neat, narrow leaflets, small, compact corymbs of flowers, extremely short pedicels, 

 the upper flowers being almost sessile, and black berries, seem to separate it clearly ft'om 

 all our forms. 



