208 J. G. BOUIflNOT 



those were the qualities not the least necessary in the oouduct of an expedition which 

 was in every respect a bold venture not governed by the ordinary rules of military 

 projects. The majority of his officers and men were accustomed to brave hardships on 

 sea and land, and were composed of the same materials that afterwards at Bunker Hill, 

 Saratoga, and on many a hard fought field of the revolution showed regular troops that 

 there were other qualities necessary to win battles in America than those possessed by 

 the mere machine soldier. Many of them, it must be remembered, were accustomed to 

 the use of the gun, and were excellent marksmen. A new England writer ' 

 tells us that the militia of New Hampshire, as far back as 1725, " was completely 

 trained for active service ; every man of forty years of age having seen more 

 than twenty years of war. They had been u.sed to handle their arms from the 

 age of childhood, and most of them, by long practice, had become excellent marks- 

 men and good hunters. They were acquainted with the lurking places of the 

 enemy, and possessed a degree of hardiness and intrepidity which can be acquired only 

 by the habitude of those scenes of change and fatigue to which they were daily exposed." 

 But in 1745 the New England colonies had been at peace for many years, and the 

 majority of those who took part in the expedition had never seen actual service. All of 

 them certainly were ignorant of the simplest methods of siege operations, or of the iise of 

 heavy ordnance. The expedition was not only very defective in necessary materials of 

 war for such important operations, but was without a sufficiency of military stores. 

 They had only some pieces of ordnance which they obtained from New York and Castle 

 Island with great difficulty. The next in command to Pepperrell was (j-eneral Wolcott 

 from Connecticut, who had served with Nicholson as far back as 1711, when the invasion 

 of Canada was contemplated, and although well advanced in years was full of life and 

 energy. Samuel Waldo, of Boston, who had experience in the militia and was also a 

 member of the general council of Massachusetts, was named brigadier-general. He was 

 ^ — -^ ^_^^ at first chosen as second in command, but the position was 



(7) * ■ / /^>^/7/^^ afterwards given to Wolcott, then deputy-governor of 

 ^yJO^^'^' yf ^ Connecticut, on the express condition made by that state 



in furnishing its contingent. Captain Edward Tyng, a 

 capable New England seaman who had captured a French 

 privateer of large size a short time before, was chosen as commodore of the little fleet of 

 thirteen vessels, carrying in all two hundred guns. One of the most useful officers was 

 Richard Gridley, on account of the aptitude he afterwards displayed for artillery service 

 during the siege. 



' Belknap, " Hist, of New Hampshire," ii. 82, 83. 



- The officers in Tepperrell's army are given by Parsons, " Life of Pepperrell" (App. B.), as follows : 



1. York County, Pepperrell's Regiment-— Colonel Bradstreet, Lieutenant-Colonel Storer, Major Cutis. Captains 

 Petor Staples, Ephraim Baker, John Fairfield, Bray Dearing, John Kinslaiih, John Harmon, Sloses Butler, Thomas 

 Perkins, William Warner, Moses Pearson. 



2. Connecticut, General Wolcott's Regiment.— Colonel Burr, Lieutenant-Colonel Lothrop, Major Cioodridgo. 

 Captains David W^ooster, Stephen Lee, Daniel Chapman, William Whiling, Robert Dennison, Andrew Ward, 

 James Church, Henry King. 



3. Cumberland Counly, Colonel Waldo's Regiment.— Lienlenant-Colonel Noble, Major Hunt. Captains Samuel 

 Moody, John Watts, Philip Damarisque, Benjamin Goldthwait, Daniel Hale, Jacob Stevens, James Noble, Richard 

 Jaques, Daniel Fogg, Joseph Richardson. 



