92 J. B. TYEEELL ON THREE 



The Devonian, above these shales, consists at the bottom of a hundred feet or more of 

 harsh porous dolomites, containing Pentamems comis, etc., overlain by a similar thickness 

 of tough vphite dolomites containing Slringocephelus Burtoni. Above these dolomites are 

 fifty to seventy feet of calcareous shales marked by mauy brine springs along their line of 

 outcrop ; above these is a highly fossiliferous limestone containing great beds of Ainjpa 

 reticularis, and these again are overlain by light grey compact brittle limestones which 

 represent the local top of the Devonian. 



As far as could be seen the Palœozoic terranes are practically conformable and 

 almost undisturbed throughout. 



On the eroded and slightly undulating surface of the Devonian the Cretaceous sand- 

 stones and shales were deposited. 



Boring at Deloraine. 



This well was sunk by William "Ward for the town of Deloraine, which is situ- 

 ated at the terminus of the Pembina Mountain branch of the Canadian Pacific Railway. 

 The town is iu the southeast cjuarter-section of section 10, township 3, range 23, west of 

 the principal meridian, in Manitoba. The well is about a hundred yards north of the 

 railway station, on a level alluvial or lacustral plain stretching northward from the base 

 of the Turtle Mountain towards the Souris river. It was begun in November, 1888, in 

 the hope of finding a large supply of water at a moderate depth, as there is no permanent 

 stream in the Aacinity, and the water of "Whitewater lake, which lies on the plain about 

 three miles distant, is quite highly charged with sulphate of soda and other saline 

 ingredients. 



The machinery used was a percussion drill, supported by jointed rods, and worked 

 by a small stationary engine. The well is cased to the bottom with iron tubing, and the 

 drillings are raised with an ordinary sand pump. In many parts of the bore water had 

 to be poured in to enable the drill to work and the drillings to be removed. 



In June, 1889, the boring had reached a depth of 9*75 feet, and up to that time no 

 clearly-marked specimens had been kept, and the log is given below very much as it was 

 received from the driller. 



At a depth of 1050 feet the collection of a systematic series of specimens from every 

 five feet was begun, and was carried down to 1285 feet, between which depth and 1335 

 feet six specimens were obtained, numbered merely in consecutive order. This latter 

 depth was reached in October, 1889, and then operations were suspended for a short time 

 through lack of the necessary funds to continue the work. During this month the writer 

 paid a short visit to Deloraine, examined as far as possible the work done up to that date, 

 and obtained from Messrs. Stuart, Martin and Cowan the specimens collected. In com- 

 pany with the same gentlemen a visit was also paid to the northern boundary of the 

 Turtle Mountain, and the beds composing it were hastily examined. 



During the following winter work on the well was resumed with the assistance of 

 grants from the Canadian Government and the Canadian Geological Survey, and with 

 very few exceptions specimens have been kept from every five feet down to a depth of 

 1660 feet. Below 1660 feet the rock is stated by Dr. Selwyn, who has lately visited the 

 well, to be a similar clay shale throughout, and the specimens collected corroborate this 

 statement. 



