PART OF THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. 109 



which are a Salterella in the limestone, and a sponge, Archeocyalhus, in the slates. The 

 associated strata, however, were similar to what were observed in connection with the 

 other masses of Sillery sandstone, and upon subsequent careful examination of the 

 evidence by Sir Wm. Log-an and later by Dr. Selwyn the reasons for their separation 

 from the rest of the Sillery were not considered sufficient to warrant such a step. 



About this time also, (1869), renewed attention was directed to the crystalline rocks of 

 the interior or Sutton Mountain range, and a more detailed examination of these was begun 

 by Dr. T. Sterry Hunt. Their resemblance to the copper bearing rocks of Lake Superior 

 had already been pointed out by Logan, Macfarlane and others, in various papers and 

 reports, but no views dissenting from the opinion that these were the equivalents of the 

 fossiliferous Quebec group had been expressed. In 1865, however, Mr. Gr. F. Matthew 

 expressed his views that the cupriferous schists of Southern New Brunswick, there recog- 

 nized as pre-Cambrian, were similar to those of Eastern Quebec,' and in 18*70 Dr. Hunt 

 published the opinion in the ' Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Boston ' that 

 the Green Mountain rocks, which extend into Canada and form the Sutton Mountain range, 

 were of the same age as the pre-Cambrian of New Brun.sM ick and other areas in the East- 

 ern States, supplementing this view in the following year by the statement that their age 

 was Huroniau.- This view did not, however, at the time meet with the approval of the 

 Canadian geologists; who continued to hold to the opinion already expressed concerning 

 the age and metamorphism of the rocks in question, but the investigations by Dr. Selwyn 

 in ISTô-TT caused him to come to a conclu.sion very largely in accordance with that 

 already expressed by Dr. Hunt.' Subsequent work upon these rocks by Prof C. D. 

 "Walcott and others, including the writer, has shewn them to underlie fossiliferous 

 strata of lower Cambrian age, so that the controversy so long maintained as to the true 

 position of the greater part of these crystalline schists and associated rocks may be now 

 regarded as practically ended. They have in accordance with this view been carefully 

 studied in connection with the distribixtion of the newer and fossiliferous sediments, and 

 their ai-eas have been mapped by the officers of the Geological Survey. 



Returning to the c|uestion of the fossiliferous Quebec group it must be mentioned 

 that the order of secj^uence adopted in 1863 for the three divisions, the Levis, Lauzou 

 and Sillery, was rather for the purpose of facilitating the mapping than of asserting this 

 as their true relative positions. Indeed certain points, both in regard to the fossil evi- 

 dence and the stratigraphy, went strongly to show that the Sillery shales and sandstones 

 might very properly be regarded as the lowest member of the group; and in Dr. Hunt's 

 report to the Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania, 18^8, p. 11*7 e, the order of 

 sequence of the fossiliferous rocks of the Quebec group is : 1st. Sillery sandstones at the 

 base ; 2ud, the trilobitic beds of Levis and Philipsburg ; 3rd, the phyllograptus shales of 

 Quebec, and 4th, the black shales of Farnham. 



Before entering upon the discussion of the accuracy of this grouping, it may perhaps 

 be useful, for the sake of greater clearness, to give a brief sketch of the views held from 

 1863-69, more particularly in regard to the structure as seen in the southern part of the 



' Geo. F. Matthew, 18G5, Geol. of South N. 1'.., Ciipiif. rock.s of S. E. New BniiLswick compared willi those of 

 the E. T. of Quebec, Canada. 



- Am. Jour, of Science, 1871, vol. iii, I, p. 84. 

 ' Rep. Prog. 1877-78, p. 14 a. 



