120 E. W. ELLS ON THE GEOLOGY OF 



They are all newer than the crystalline schists of the interior, and they do not include 

 the lowest Cambrian rocks, which ilank the pre-Oambrian schists, and which comprise 

 the hard green quartz-vciued slates and bluish quartzites, with which are serpentines, etc., 

 in certain localities. 



Of the divisions of the section just given, Nos. 1 and 2 have, near Quebec, not yet 

 yielded fossils, except in the forms of worm-trails and fucoids, but certain bauds of lime- 

 stone, apparently belonging to No. 2, have, near St. Rochs des Aulnets, yielded small 

 trilobites of the genus Aguostus. In Div. 3, Dictyonema, Obolella, aud certain graptolitic 

 forms are found along the Beaumont shore, aud on the south side of Orleans Island, along 

 with sponge spicules at several places, while No. 4 also yields Obolella. The conglomerates 

 of Div. 3, yield Olenel/us Tliomjisoiii and other lower Cambrian forms, which can be readily 

 obtained from the beds on the shore of Orleans Island, two miles east of the south-west 

 point, and the south shore opposite, four miles from Levis. The pebbles in which these 

 fossils are found, appear to be derived from the rocks of the Greorgia series, which comes into 

 Canada near St. Armand, and which has probably been faulted out in the vicinity of 

 Quebec, since, from the limestones and slates of this portion Prof. Walcott has obtaiued 

 Olenellus Thompsoni and other allied forms in abundance, in the adjacent state of Ver- 

 mont. It is very probable, therefore, from the fact that these pebbles occur in the con- 

 glomerates at many points along the St Lawrence, below Quebec, that the Georgia series 

 was at one time well developed throughout this area. The amount of faulting which has 

 occurred in the St. Lawrence break is very irregular, and has in places been of tremendous 

 extent, involving, apparently, much of the lower Cambrian series. 



The structure of the Levis rocks and of the underlying Sillery, as seen in Levis city, 

 and thence for two miles east, has been carefully worked out. In this distance, no less than 

 five auticlinals in the Sillery are seen, all of which are more or less overturned, the dips 

 being uniformly to the soixth east. The fossiliferous Levis shales can be found in each of 

 the synclinals, along with the Levis conglomerates ; and the eastern limit of these is 

 bounded by an overturned area of red shales, which extends thence for miles to the south- 

 east in the direction of St. Henry. The synclinals are depressed to the north-east, and 

 the Levis beds cease before coming to the Hue of section extending from Toint Levis (Vic- 

 toria Hotel) to St. Henry, but widen out rapidly northward, the underlying auticlinals 

 of red shale diminishing in a corresponding degree towards the village of St. Joseph. 



The details of these sections will be foirnd stated iu the "Ann. Rep. Geol. Sur.," 

 1888, pp. 49-51 K. 



In the earlier years of the history of the Quebec group the question of the structure 

 aud relative age of the several belts of conglomerates seen at Levis, Quebec city and else- 

 where was not worked out to a satisfactory conclusion. The difference in the character 

 and apparent age of the organic remains found in the pebbles had been recognized by 

 Billings and others, and the more ancient aspect of those from Bic and other points on the 

 coast had been pointed ovit as compared with the fauna obtained from the Levis beds, while 

 the still newer aspect of the fossils from the conglomerates of the city of Quebec had been 

 observed. Nothing official, however, was published on this subject after Richardson's re- 

 port, 1869. Some years later Dr. Selwyn recognized three zones of these conglomerates, 

 viz, that of the city of Quebec, which was the newest, that of Point Levis, and that of 

 the Sillery, comprising those of certain parts of the Island of Orleans, Bic and certain 



