CYTOPLASMIC INCLUSIONS 143 



gations of the dictyosomes. Subramaniam and Ganapati (1938) insist 

 on this dictyosome structure, although they describe a homogeneous 

 spherule in one stage of the Golgi cycle: 



a Golgi granule when it enlarges becomes differentiated into a vesicle having 

 chromophile and chromophobic regions. Rupture of the vesicle gives rise to 

 batonettes in which the chromophobic part is in relation with the cytoplasm. 



Since all of these structures — spherules, dictyosomes, aggregations — may 

 be included in the cycle of a single granule (Kedrowsky, 1931; MacLen- 

 nan, 1936; Mast and Doyle, 1935a) or as the result of the periodic ag- 

 gregration of granules (Hirschler, 1927; MacLennan, 1933), it is 

 impossible to insist on one type to the exclusion of the others, and we 

 must conclude that morphology is not a criterion for the identification 

 of various types of granules. 



Similarity in distribution within the cell has also been urged as a 

 criterion. Hall (1931) holds that a random distribution throughout the 

 cytoplasm is the typical configuration, while Subramaniam and Gopala- 

 Aiyar (1937) consider that an excentric juxtanuclear position, similar 

 to that found in spermatids or gland cells, is typical. In metazoan cells 

 both types have been found, and both may be typical of the same cell if 

 all stages of the life q'cle are considered. Similar periodic aggregations 

 and dispersal of Golgi granules have been described in connection with 

 the pulsatory cycle of the contractile vacuoles of ciliates (MacLennan, 

 1933, 1936). These movements are comparable to the migration of 

 mitochondria and of digestive granules, which have likewise been as- 

 sociated with functional changes in the cell. 



The chief characteristic either of form or of distribution of Golgi 

 bodies is a variability which is associated with functional changes, and 

 even this variability is not a criterion since it is characteristic of all gran- 

 ules which are actively concerned with the metabolism of the cell. 



The criteria based upon impregnation and upon separation from other 

 granules which can be identified by more specific methods are the only 

 truly objective criteria, while the criteria of universality in form, dis- 

 tribution, and permanence are indefinite and are based upon various 

 theories of the function, form, or derivation of Golgi bodies. The term 

 Golgi body, being based upon nonspecific criteria (nor would retention 

 of specific form or distribution make the definition more exact), in- 



