CYTOPLASMIC INCLUSIONS 16 1 



suppose, but originate from the nucleus as chromidia. ... In cases where 

 the autonomy of the mitochondria and of the blepharoplast is indisputable, 

 this author always attributes to them a nuclear origin though phylogenetic. 



After this summary of Alexeieff's theory, Milovidov (1932) rejects it. 

 Certain cytoplasmic granules of Uroleptus are derived from the nuclei 

 during reorganization (Calkins, 1930), and these granules were de- 

 scribed as mitochondria, but since they do not stain with janus green 

 they do not seem to be typical mitochondria. 



The term chromidia, as now accepted, includes cytoplasmic granules 

 supposed to be derived from the nucleus (but not necessarily chromatin) , 

 particularly in the Sporozoa. It also includes granules in the rhizopods, 

 at one time supposed to be examples of the chromidial theory, but now 

 retained without any such implication. 



The chromidial net, characteristic of many of the rhizopods with shells, 

 is a definite morphological entity which may be recognized independently 

 of particular staining methods. The net itself is negative to Feulgen's 

 stain in Arcella and Chlamydophrys, either with or without hydrolysis, 

 and is digested more rapidly than the nucleus by pepsin or trypsin 

 (Reichenow, 1928). Since the net in Dijjlugia gives a positive reaction 

 with Ciaccio's lipoid method (Rumjantzew, 1922), it probably has a 

 lipoid component in addition to the protein component in this species. 

 Although basophilic, it is not directly related to the nuclear material. 

 On the other hand, the net of Pdtell'ina is positive to Feulgen's method, 

 but complete studies show that it is independent of the nuclei (Meyers, 

 1935). In both cases the net is a specialized mass of reserve protein, and 

 within it may be found two other types of reserve, volutin and glycogen 

 granules. This is not true in all species, since no glycogen is found in the 

 net of Difjlugia (Rumjantzew, 1922). The chromidia of gregarines are 

 similar in ordinary staining reactions to the karyosome and to the pro- 

 tein reserves (Daniels, 1938). 



The chromidia of several Sporozoa (Joyet-Lavergne, 1926a) are posi- 

 tive to Millon's reagent and are therefore certainly protein and they 

 appear to be associated with mitochondria. In gregarines from meal- 

 worms, on the other hand, these granules are negative to both Millon's 

 reagent and Feulgen's reagent, and show no morphological relationship 

 with mitochondria (Daniels, 1938). Daniels found chromidia and volu- 

 tin similar in shape, distribution, and so forth, but found fewer black 



