1032 PARASITES OF PROTOZOA 



especially when the insects are on a filter-paper diet, and have been 

 observed in active movement. Some of these are in vacuoles, but often 

 they lie directly in the cytoplasm. Their condition and activity suggest 

 that many of them are not merely ingested as food, but invade the body 

 as facultative parasites. 



Motile intracytoplasmic organisms were reported by Kirby (1932a) 

 in Trichonynipha from Zootermopsis. They were, indeed, recognized 

 only in consequence of their relatively rapid movements, which left 

 clear tracks in the granular prenuclear endoplasm. One was seen in a 

 nucleus. Nothing is known of the detailed structure or the affinities of 

 these parasites, which vary greatly in size. Abundant, vigorously vibrat- 

 ing bodies were present in many specimens of Pseudodevescovina uni- 

 jlagellata, among the particles of wood. Sometimes these were sufficiently 

 numerous to give an appearance of great activity in the cytoplasm. Like 

 the parasite of Trichonympha, they have not been found in preserved 

 material. 



Few reports have been published of bacteria in flagellates other than 

 these of termites. Yakimoff (1930) named Micrococcus batrachorum 

 {sic) a coccus-like form which occurred, grouped in masses of irregular 

 form or isolated, in a small percentage of Trichomonas batrachorum. 

 Dangeard (1902) named Caryococcus hypertrophicus a bacterial parasite 

 of the nucleus of Euglena deses, which caused a disease developing in 

 great intensity. This was manifested by considerable hypertrophy of 

 the nucleus, discoloration of plastids, and loss of the power of division. 

 No figure of Caryococcus exists. As Dangeard had previously described 

 Nucleophaga, it is probably distinct from that chytrid. Boeck (1917) 

 found rod-shaped bacteria in the cytoplasm of Giardia microti in certain 

 preparations. He considered these to be the same as those which oc- 

 casionally adhered externally, and referred to the relationship as parasit- 

 ism, leading to deleterious results. 



Schizomycetes in Sarcodina. — A number of records exist of cocci 

 and other bacteria in amoebae. Nagler (1910) found a heavy parasitic 

 infection of amoebae, similar to Amoeba albida Nagler, cultivated on an 

 agar plate. The cytoplasm was crowded with small, rounded, deep- 

 staining granules of variable size, considered to be micrococci; and 

 rod-formed and fusiform bacilli, likewise parasites, also occurred. Even- 

 tually all the amoebae were destroyed, with swelling and degeneration 



