PARASITES OF PROTOZOA 1073 



they entered. The host may die and disintegrate, according to Rieder, 

 even when only one or two parasites are present. He considered the 

 organism to be a strict endoparasite of Craspedophrya. 



A number of enigmatic forms, which at least seem to show certain 

 flagellate relationships, may be considered here. 



Dangeard (1908) gave the name Lecythodytes paradoxus to a parasite 

 of cysts of Chromulina, which decimated cultures within a few days. 

 Within the cyst the organism is amoeboid, and grows until it occupies 

 the whole interior. Division, he stated, results in eight, or less often 

 four or sixteen zoospores, which escape from the cyst and may infect 

 another host. The 2o5spores are elongated and narrowed at the ex- 

 tremities, each of which, according to Dangeard, terminates in a long 

 flagellum. 



Uncertain is the proper systematic position of Sporomonas mjusorium, 

 which Chatton and Lwoff (1924a) encountered in the marine ciliates 

 Folliculina elegans, Vorticella sp., and once in Lac rym aria lagenula. 

 Potts found it in Folliculina ampulla at Woods Hole, Massachusetts. In 

 the cytoplasm the parasite occurs as a reniform body, provided with a 

 long flagellum, in active rotation. It increases greatly in size, up to 70 |j, 

 and the flagellum is lost. The parasite is then expelled, and multiplication 

 takes place only outside. There is rapidly repeated nuclear division and 

 binary fission without growth (palintomy), resulting in small, virgulate 

 bodies, each provided with a lateral flagellum. Chatton and Lwoff con- 

 sidered this organism to be a flagellate, but discussed its resemblance 

 to Chytridiales. They stated that it differs from that group in multiplying 

 by palintomy, with rapidly repeated mitosis after growth, instead of by 

 syntomy following nuclear multiplication accompanying growth. Mitch- 

 ell (1928), however, described multiplication of the same type as that 

 in Sporomonas in a chytrid of Euglena caudata; and on other grounds 

 also it appears that the distinction is not of crucial significance for 

 classification. The chief differences from chytrid parasites of Protozoa 

 are the expulsion of the organism from the host before multiplication 

 occurs and the active motility, by means of a flagellum, of the early 

 intracytoplasmic growth stages. 



Georgevitch (1936a, 1936b) assigned to the genus Leishmania, as 

 L. esocis n. sp., a hyperparasite of Myxiditim lieherkilhni in the urinary 

 bladder of pike. The intracellular phase is pyriform, with one nucleus 



