[FLETCHER] PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS Ve 
much and did excellent work, but it was chiefly of a scientific and 
descriptive nature. 
In the curriculum of the Ontario Agricultural College at Guelph, 
practical entomology is included, and Prof. J. H. Panton not only lec- 
tures on this subject to the students, but has also published several timely 
bulletins on injurious insects for the use of farmers. Besides the above, 
there have appeared some useful articles by Prot. A. H. Mackay in the 
“ Educational Monthly” of St. John, N.B., and an excellent article on 
the Flour Moth by Dr. Bryce of Toronto. Useful notes on the occur- 
rence of injurious insects have also appeared in the report of the statis- 
tician of the Department of Agriculture of British Columbia. In 1894 
an Inspector of Fruit-pests was appointed for British Columbia in the 
person of Mr. R. M. Palmer, and doubtless good results will follow this 
step. 
A fact which should never be lost sight of, in considering the progress 
and bearings of practical entomology in Canada, is the enormous advan- 
tages we enjoy from having so near to us the United States, with its 
army of trained entomologists and other officials at Washington and at 
the state colleges and agricultural experiment stations. Most of the 
insect enemies which are injurious in Canada occur also in some of the 
States of the Union, and it is mutually advantageous to entomologists 
here and in the United States to be able to study together, under slightly 
different circumstances, any new pests which may occur. In addition to 
this, of course, many of the insects which appear in Canada have already 
been studied out carefully in the United States before they reach our 
borders, and we have the benefit of all the experience of our neighbours 
to guide and help us in counteracting their attacks. In the case of some 
insects practical and effective remedies have been discovered before the 
insects invaded our borders. Notable instances of such insects are found 
in the Cattle Horn-fly, the Pear-leaf Blister-mite, and the Pear-tree Psylla. 
GENERAL PRINCIPLES. 
It does not require much observation to see that the annuai losses due 
to insects are very great, and no good object would be served by attempting 
here to give in figures the estimated amount of such losses; but it may 
certainly be stated that at least one-tenth of all crops grown is annually 
destroyed by insects. Further than this, the life-histories of many of the 
species causing this loss have been so carefully worked out that there is 
no doubt that a large proportion of that percentage may be saved by 
practising some of the simple, cheap and effective remedies which have 
been recommended by entomologists. I hope it may not seem too 
redundant if I briefly draw your attention to some of the general prin- 
ciples, which probably to most of you are well known, by which the 
