[DAWSON | VANCOUVER TERTIARY PLANTS 145 
from which the staminate spike bas been removed. There are, however, 
no evidences of a structural nature which will permit final conclusion in 
this respect, and whatever deductions are drawn must be based upon 
other grounds. 
‘The character of the fruit, with its associated organs, makes it clear 
that it represents a Cyperaceous plant, and of one of the two genera, 
Cyperus or Carex. Assuming the two lateral organs to be foliar, then the 
fruit must be that of a Cyperus, in which ease it is to be inferred that the 
additional spikes of the terminal umbel, so characteristic a feature of this 
genus, must have been removed by some mechanical process, or have 
become covered up in a lower stratum of the matrix—assumptions which 
would appear to exceed the limits of probability. 
‘On the other hand, the whole aspect of the spike is exactly that of 
a Carex, and if we assume the lateral organs to be foliar and cauline, one 
each, from the latter of which the staminate spike has been removed. as 
would actually be the case at the stage of growth represented by the 
specimen, then the correspondence to a Carex would be very close, and, 
among recent species, would find a close parallel in Carex miliaris. 
“With respect to the possible identity of fruit and leaves, there is 
alone the extremely uncertain ground of association on which to base a 
conclusion, while, on the other hand, the obvious resemblance of the fruit 
to that of a Carex, and the resemblance of the leaves to previously de- 
scribed species of Cyperites, would amply justify their separate consider- 

ation. 
“The genus Cyperacites of Schimper appears to be excluded from 
present consideration, since it embraces plants which are represented 
by leaves of great breadth, and of which the fruit is unknown.! 
“The genus Cyperites of Heer* embraces upwards of twenty-four 
species which are represented, more or less fully, by all parts of the plant. 
The fruit is, however, never complete, and no one species satisfies the 
requirements of the specimen under consideration. 
‘“ Heer also describes several species of Carex,’ among which the iso- 
lated fruits of Carex tertiaria bear a strong resemblance to those of our 
specimen. In no çase, however, is the complete spike to be found, so that 
it would appear more reasonable to regard our specimen as one hitherto 
unknown, and for it we would suggest the provisional name Carex Van- 
couverensis.” 
CAREX BURRARDIANA, n. Sp. 
(Fig. 6.) 
A third specimen from Burrard Inlet, near Vancouver, collected by 
Mr. C. Hill-Tout, appears aiso to differ very materially from any species 

1 Veg. Pal., ii , 412. 
2 Fl. Ter. Helv., i., 75, etc. ; iii., 164-155. 
F1. Ter. Helv., i., 74. 
Sec. IV., 1895. 10. 
