[MILLS ] PSYCHIC DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG AMIMALS 229 
The cat may be coaxed or bribed into docility, but the latter is not a 
prominent feature in her character. 
It is a mistake, however, to suppose that the cat cannot be taught 
and taught much, and I think the diary of the kitten, to go no further, 
shows this clearly. 
Certain it is, however, that one will learn more of the cat’s intelligence 
by quiet observation than by any attempt to form her nature by edu- 
cation after the manner so successful with the dog. 
The tendency of the kitten to arouse in the evening and display an 
activity greater than during a large part of the day is, to my mind, an 
early exhibition of a fundamental trait in the psychic life of the Felide. 
They are essentially nocturnal animals, and to witness how early this 
was shown was interesting. 
I have noticed nothing like this in puppies, though it must be re- 
membered that the cat is more like her feral congeners and reverts to a 
wild state more readily than the dog—in fact, that such reversion is 
far from uncommon. 
In my first paper on the dog [ have called attention to suggestive 
actions. In the true sense of the word the cat is perhaps less imitative 
than the dog, but so great is her tendency to be excited by any kind of 
motion, that she can, as is well known, be set into activity with the 
greatest ease by a ball or almost any moving object when a kitten of 
a certain age. 
In this susceptibility the cat is in advance of the dog. In fact, her 
motor energy is more intense and her power of correlated movement 
much greater, but I am inclined to consider that in all this the cat is less 
imitative than the dog. The behaviour of one kitten has less influence 
on the others than of one puppy on his fellows. 
The individuality of the cat is intense though it is the individuality 
of a strong nature manifesting itself by independence rather than great 
difference in conduct. 
As an admirable example of associated reflexes to which reference has 
been made in treating of the dog,' the history of the sand-pan furnishes 
excellent examples. 
The whole history of the kitten is an illustration that, however strong 
instincts may be in an intelligent animal, its psychic life is determined by 
experience, /.e., there comes to be almost no pure instincts—instincts un- 
modified by experience, if such a thing is conceivable, as the language of 
some writers would seem to imply. Each day of this kitten’s life showed 
me a progress dependent on experience, and the same applies to the dog ; 
but I must add that for the first eight or ten weeks the kitten seemed to 
get the most out of its experience, though in the case of the mongrel, 

1 Trans. Roy, Soc. Can., 1894, Sec. IV., p. 31. 
