684 MARINE PRODUCTS OF COMMERCE 



land, and Pond's Inlet, N. E. Baffin Island, where, in winter, numbers are occa- 

 sionally trapped in small constricting leads by sudden prolonged freezes, and 

 killed by the hundreds by the Eskimos. 



Family Delphinidae: Dolphins and porpoises 



Steno rostratus (long-beaked dolphin) is pelagic, and is found in all oceans. 

 There is no fishery nor much possibility of one. 



Sotalia (several species; delta dolphins). They are found in the fresh and brack- 

 ish waters of the Orinoco and Amazon rivers, in the Indian Ocean, and the rivers 

 of W. Africa. Although there is no fishery, possibilities of one may exist. 



Prodelphinus (several species; spotted and bridled dolphins). They are some- 

 what pelagic, and are found in the warm waters of the Atlantic and Pacific. 

 There is no fishery though possibilities may exist. 



Delphinus delphis (common dolphin) is cosmopolitan, common in large or 

 small groups, and both inshore and pelagic. It is fished extensively around Japan 

 and the Black Sea; elsewhere (e.g., European coasts) it is taken casually in nets. 



Grampus griseus ( the grampus-porpoise ) . Although this species is a world-wide 

 inhabitant which may be fished occasionally, it is of no real commercial impor- 

 tance. It may be referred to as the "cowfish" or "grampus" off the New England 

 Coast, where it has been taken periodically for watch oil. 



Tursiaps truncatus (the bottlenose dolphin, Hatteras porpoise, etc.), like the 

 common porpoise and blackfish, was economically one of the most important spe- 

 cies of dolphin or porpoise in the United States. Throughout the 19th century and 

 well into the 20th a fishery for the oil from the blubber and head existed at Cape 

 Hatteras, and at times the leather and meat were utilized. At intervals another 

 fishery was located at Cape May, New Jersey. The season was winter, from No- 

 vember to May, and large seines were used, being hauled by boats into position 

 in front of an advancing school of bottlenose dolphins. No other extensive fishery 

 of this species is known, but individuals were occasionally taken all over the 

 world for meat and oil. The length is around 10 feet, and the distribution prac- 

 tically world-wide. This species migrates in large schools and frequents inshore 

 waters. The yield from the average individual is about 2 gallons of blubber oil, 

 and approximately half a pint of jaw oil, and a pint or so of head oil. 



Lagenorhynchus (several species; striped dolphins) are found in northern seas. 

 There is no fishery in the Atlantic, but the Japanese take a number of L. obli- 

 cjuidens yearly. 



Cephalorhijnchus (several species; banded and belted dolphins) are found in 

 southern seas. No fishery exists and possibilities of such are unknown. 



Orcinus orca (killer whale), a large porpoise, is world-wide in distribution, 

 and is noted for its predatory habits on seals, other dolphins and porpoises, and 

 occasionally larger whales. It is taken commercially in Japan, where 48 were 

 captured in 1948. 



Psoudorca crassidens (false-killer whale) is a large porpoise noted for its spo- 

 radic stranding in masses at various parts of the world. It is fished only off Japan, 

 where the catch report is mixed with that of the pilot whale. 



Orcaella brevirostris (Malayan shore porpoise) is a small species found along 

 the coast or up the rivers of the Malay region. There is no real fishery, though some 

 are taken by the natives. 



