52 2 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



and up the northeast coast at least to 77° N. Their range also embraces Iceland, Spits- 

 bergen, Bear Island, and Novaya Zemlya; northern Europe in general, including 

 various alpine lakes southward to the British Isles, Austria, and Switzerland; the Arctic 

 coast of Siberia, with outlying populations as far south as Lake Baikal; and the 

 coastal belt of northeastern Asia southward to Kamchatka, the Sea of Okhotsk, Sak- 

 halin, and northern Japan. 



Occurrence of Sea-run Populations in the Western North Atlantic, with its Arctic Trib- 

 utaries, in Hudson Bay, along Arctic Canada and Alaska, and in the northern North Pacific. 

 The mouth of the Gander River on the coast of eastern Newfoundland is the southern- 

 most point on the Atlantic coast where a sea-run population of alpinus is known to be 

 established definitely. ^^ In the northern side of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Arctic Charr 

 have been reported to occur as far west as Trinity River and Bay, tributary to the 

 Saguenay River {lo: 35'^—3S5, as S. oquassa; l8: 185); and by common report, they 

 occur generally off the river mouths thence eastward along the north shore, though 

 they are so overshadowed there in public interest by the Atlantic salmon that precise 

 information as to their local status is lacking. I have found no report of them for the 

 west coast of Newfoundland, though here, as in the case of the east coast, I suspect 

 that alpinus as well as fontinalis may be represented among the larger "sea trout" 

 taken there. 



Arctic Charr are recorded for the St. Mary's River, Hawke Harbor, and Domino 

 Island along the southern part of the Atlantic coast of Labrador. Although the pub- 

 lished record does not suggest that they are plentiful anywhere south of the region 

 of Hamilton Inlet, Arctic Charr have been reported (or are represented in museum col- 

 lections) for every locality farther northward whence saltwater fishes have been listed: 

 along the Labrador coast in the vicinities of Mokovik Bay, Hopedale, Nain, Cape 

 Mugford, the Okkak Islands, Hebron, Ramah, Nachvak and Komaktorvik fjords, 

 and Ryans Bay near Cape Chidley; the recorded localities also include the Ungava 

 Bay region, in general, including Port Burwell; Hudson Strait (reported for Notting- 

 ham Island and Wakeham Bay); and Foxe Basin on the coast of western Baffin Island 

 as well as Frobisher Bay and Cumberland Sound on the east coast. Around Green- 

 land, sea-run Arctic Charr are known to range northward to 77° N, at least on the 

 east coast; to Etah (78°2o'N) on the west coast (in fresh water to Inglefield Land, 

 79°); and even to the north coast, where a small specimen was taken by Lange Koch 

 in 1917 (jp: 68). 



Sea-running populations of alpinus are similarly widespread around the coast of 

 Hudson Bay southward as far as the vicinity of Great Whale River, in the east, and 

 of Fort Churchill, in the west ; Boothia Peninsula, Wallaston Peninsula, Victoria Island, 

 and Herschel Island of Arctic Canada; Camden Bay, Point Barrow, and Collinson 

 Point of Arctic Alaska; and various rivers of Arctic Canada and Arctic Alaska. 



Along the northwest coast of America from the region of Cape Barrow south- 

 ward to northern California, in salt water, S. alpinus is represented by a red-spotted 



12. The color description on pp. 510, 511 is based on Gander River specimens. 



