Fishes of the Western North Atlantic 525 



Synonyms for the alfinus species complex of the Pacific Coast of North America westward to Japan : 



Salmo malma Walbaum, P. Artedi Genera Pise, Ichthyol., Emend., 3, 1792: 66 (Kamchatka, based on malma 



of Pennant). 

 Salmo cnri/us Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat., j, 1831: 351 (Kurile Is.). 

 Sa!mo callarh Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat., J, 1831: 353 (Bering Sea). 

 Salmo laevigatus Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat., J, 1831: 385 (Kurile Is.). 

 Salmo nummifer Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 21, 1848: 365 (Kamchatka). 

 Salmo erythrorynchos Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 21, 1848: 366 (Kamchatka). 

 Salmo spectabtlis Girard, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. (1856), 8, 1857: 218 (Fort Dalles, Oregon). 

 Salmo bairdii Suckley, Ann. N.Y. Lye, 7, 1861 : 309 (Flat Head R. syst., Montana). 

 Salmo parkei Suckley, Ann. N.Y. Lye, 7, 1861 : 309 (Kootenay R., B.C., Canada). 

 Salmo lordi't Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., 6, 1866: 148 (Skagit R., Alaska). 

 Salmo pluvius Hillgendorf, Mitt, dtsch. Ges. Ostasiens, II, 1876: 26 (Japan). 

 Salvelinus spectabtlis Jordan, Proc. U.S. nat. Mus. (1878), I, 1879: 79 (refs., in synop.). 

 Salvelinus bairdii Jordan, Proc. U.S. nat. Mus. (1878), I, 1879: 82 (in synop.). 

 Salvelinus malma Jordan and Gilbert, BuU. U.S. nat. Mus., 16, 1882: 319 (in synop.); also many subsequent 



authors. 



Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill) 1 8 1 5 

 Brook Trout, Salter, Squaretail Trout, Sea Trout, Salmon Trout, White Sea Trout 



Figure 128 



Study Material. I. Sea Run: A total of 33 specimens: 11," 46-1 50 mm TL, 

 from the intertidal zone almost 200 feet below the high-water mark, near White Brook 

 in the vicinity of Jonesport, Maine; 6, about 222—262 mm TL, 209—247 mm SL, 

 from the Wilmot River estuary, south shore of Prince Edward Island;" 16, about 

 156-380 mm TL, from near the mouth of the Little River Codroy estuary, the west 

 coast of Newfoundland.^^ 



IL Fresh Water: about 300 specimens, large and small, from Labrador, Island of 

 Anticosti, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, 

 New York, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Georgia, Lake Superior, Wisconsin, North 

 Dakota (introduced), and California (introduced); MCZ. 



Distinctive Characters. The only fish for which sea-run fontinalis is likely to be 

 mistaken are young Salmo salar (Atlantic salmon, p. 460); Salmo gairdneri (rainbow 

 trout, p. 499), an introduced species from the west that seems to have established a 

 sea-run population in the east; Salmo trutta (brown trout, p. 498), a second widely in- 

 troduced species (from Europe) that is known to run down to salt water in New- 

 foundland ;i* or Salvelinus alpinus (Arctic charr, p. 507). And there is not much danger 

 of confusion in any of these cases. Thus, the dark vermiculated markings on the dorsal 

 and caudal fins oi fontinalis and the conspicuously blunter head and broader pectorals 



13. Received through the courtesy of Keith A. Havey, Maine Department of Fisheries and Game. 



14. Received through the kindness of the late A. H. Leim, and Marden Smith, Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 



15. Received through the kindness of VV. Templeman and A. R. Murray, Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 



16. A few summers ago we saw (and handled) a brown trout that was found on the beach at Cohasset, Massachusetts. 

 And a 6-7 pound fish, caught in Witless Bay, coast of eastern Newfoundland, in 1935, was identified as such by 

 Harold Thompson (Frost, 24: 13). 



