Fishes of the Western North Atlantic 571 



Creaser, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci., 5, 1925 : 405 (introd. into Great Lakes, tributary waters; spawn., growth, 

 food, reactions to light and current); Hubbs, Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., J<?, 1925: 52 (cf. Pacific dentex); 

 Manter, Illinois biol. Monogr., 10, 1926: 8 (trematode and nematode parasites); Kendall, Bull. U.S. 

 Bur. Fish. (1926), 42, 1927: 217-385 (genl. acct., special ref. to freshw., name); Nichols and Breder, 

 Zoologica, N.Y., 9(1), 1927: 47 (abund.. New York; Woods Hole); Breder, Field Bk. Mar. Fish. Atl. 

 Cst., 1929: 75 (listed, ill.); Scheuring, Ergebn. Biol., 5, 1929: 654 (summ. of nat. hist. w. N. Atlan- 

 tic); Bare, Contr. Canad. Biol., N.S. 5(13), 1930: 423 (copepod parasite. Bay of Chaleur, Quebec); 

 Jordan, Evermann, and Clark, Rep. U.S. Comra. Fish. (1928), 2, 1930: 67 (Virginia to Gulf of St. 

 Lawrence); Creaser, Copeia, 1932: 157 (recent spread. Lakes Huron and Michigan); Wilson, Bull. 

 U.S. nat. Mus., I^S, 1932: 17, 377, 480 (copepod parasites, Woods Hole); Anon., Rep. Nfdld. Fish. 

 Res. Comm., / (4), 1932: 107 (Newfoundld.); Anon., Rep. Nfdld. Fish. Res. Comm. (1932), 2 (i), 

 1933: 125 (depth of capture, numbers, w. Newfoundld.); Mason, Copeia, 1933: 34 (Lake Ontario, 

 1931); Vladykov, Trans. Canad. Inst., 20, 1934: 122 (landlocked, Ontario); Langlois, Copeia, 1935: 141 

 (spawn., size, no. eggs, Crystal Lake, Michigan); Vladykov and Tremblay, Nat. Canad., 62, 1935: 79 

 (Trois Pistoles, Quebec); Hoover, Copeia, 1936: 85 (spawn., habits, sex ratio, nuptial tubercles of male, 

 Lake Winnisquam, New Hampshire); Vladykov and McKenzie, Proc. N.S. Inst. Sci., ig (i), 1936: 58 

 (distr., abund., commerc. catches. Nova Scotia); Dymond, Copeia, 1937: 59 (Ontario lakes); Pigeon and 

 Vallee, Nat. Canad., 64 (2), 1937: 38 (food, Canada); Van Oosten, Copeia, 1937: 64 (early recs., 

 Lake Erie); Bailey, Fish /> Surv. Merrimack Watershed, Rep. N. H. Fish Game Dept., 3, 1938: 162 

 (Merrymeeting and Squam lakes. New Hampshire); Schrenkeisen, Field Bk. Fresh-w. Fish. N. .A.mer., 

 1938: 71 (diagn., ill., habits, landlocked, subspp.); Dymond, Contr. R. Ontario Mus. Zool., JJ, 1939: 

 18 (native, Ontario lakes); Chapman, J. Morph., 6g, 1941: 279-301 (skel. chars., rel. of Osmeridae); 

 Linton, Proc. U.S. nat. Mus., S5, 1942: 34,68, 126, 156 (trematode parasites; Woods Hole); Beckman, 

 Copeia, 1942: 120 (length-weight, age, sex ratio, food. Crystal Lake, Michigan); Gunter, Amer. Midi. 

 Nat., 28 (2), 1942: 313 (fresh and salt water, e. coast N. .'\mer.); Richardson, Copeia, 1942: 27 (nuptial 

 tubercles of male, Lac Brule, Quebec); Warfel, Frost, and Jones, Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. (1942), y2, 

 1943: 257 (age-groups, growth, sex. dimorph., fishery methods. Great Bay, New Hampshire); Dymond, 

 Canad. Field Nat., 58, 1944: 12 (introd. and spread in Great Lakes, refs.); La Monte, N. Amer. Game 

 Fishes, 1945: 152, pi. 67; Cuerrier, Fry, and Prefontaine, Nat. Canad., 7J, 1946: 20 (Lake St. Pierre, 

 St. Lawrence R.); Marcotte, Rapp. Sta. biol. St.-Laurent, 5, 1946: 75-82 (size, larval growth, migr., 

 vert, counts, Quebec); Van Oosten, Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc, y4, 1947: 310 (mortal., Lakes Huron and 

 Michigan); Marcotte, Rapp. Sta. biol. St.-Laurent, 6, 1947: 45, 56 (size, spawn.. Grand R., cf smelts 

 of St. Lawrence R. estuary); Contr. Sta. biol. St.-Laurent, 18, 1948: 1-107 (descr., distr. Quebec, size, 

 breed., habits, develop., racial diffs.); Scattergood, Copeia, 1948: 142 (taken in herring fishery, Maine); 

 Heller, Canad. J. Res., Ottawa, 27 D (5), 1949: 248, 256 (parasites, Bay of Chaleur, Quebec); Baldwin, 

 Trans, .'^mer. Fish. Soc. (1948), jS, 1950: 176 (Lake Huron); Bigelow and Schroeder, Fish. Bull. (74) 

 U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., 5J, 1953: 135 (see Bigelow and Welsh, 1925); Livingstone, Proc. N.S. Inst. 

 Sci. (1950-195 1), 2J (i), 1953 : 29 (Nova Scotian lakes where native); Legendre, Freshw. Fishes, Univ. 

 Montreal, I, 1954: 27, fig. 29 (key, ill., size, wgt.); Backus, Bull. Amer. Mus. nat. Hist., JJJ (4), 1957: 

 295 (Hamilton Inlet-Lake Melville region, Labrador). 



Osmerus sergeanti Norris, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 20, 1868: 93 (descr., cf. north, viridescens, Schuylkill R., 

 Brand^-wine Cr., Delaware R. to Trenton, New Jersey); Jordan, Evermann, and Clark, Rep. U.S. 

 Comm. Fish. (1928), 2, 1930: 67 (checklist). 



Osmerus dentex Steindachner and Kner, S.B. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. Nat. 61, 1870: 429 (descr., n. China, lat.- 

 line scales, dentex and eperJanus); Jordan and Gilbert, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 16, 1882: 294 (diagn.. Port 

 Clarence, .\laska); Goode, et al.. Fish. Fish. Industr. U.S., i (3), 1884: 544, pi. 199 (Kamchatka, Port 

 Clarence, Alaska); Murdoch, Rep. intern. Polar Exped. Pt. Barrow, .-Maska, 1885: 131 (abund., Wain- 

 wright Inlet, .\laska); Smitt, Svenska Vetensk.^kad. Handl. (1885), N.F. 21 (8), 1886: 166-188 (cf. 

 eperlanus and spirinchus [name used for White Sea smelt]); Turner, L. M., Contr. nat. Hist. Alaska, 1886: 

 102, pi. 10 (iU., abund. St. Michaels, Alaska, use by Eskimos); Jordan, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1885), 

 13, 1887: 830 (.Alaska); Nelson, Rep. nat. Hist. Collect. Alaska, 3 (Fish.), 1887: 313 (color, abund., 

 Kotzebue Sd., St. Michaels, .Alaska); Smitt, Hist. Scand. Fish., ed. 2, 2, 1895 : 868 (fewer gill rakers than 

 in eperlanus^; Jordan and Evermann, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 47 (i), 1896: 524 (descr., Bering Sea coast, 

 Alaska; w. coast N.Pacific S. to n. China); Jordan and Gilbert in Jordan, .?/ ^z/., Fur Seals ... Islands 

 N.Pacif ( 1 896-1 897), 3, 1899: 439 (Kamchatka, .Alaska); Scofield /» Jordan, et al.. Fur Seals . . . Islands 

 N. Pacif (1896-1897), 3, 1899: 497 (Port Clarence, n. .Alaska, cf Kamchatkan specimens); Jordan 



