754 APPENDIX 



near Bernard Harbor, and in packing specimens and equipment pre- 

 paratory to going out. His collections of plants and insects were prac- 

 tically complete for the region, and he made considerable additions 

 to his collections and studies of fishes and marine and fresh-water in- 

 vertebrates. 



O'Neill and Cox started from Bernard Harbor on March 17, 1916, 

 to continue the survey of the copper-bearing area in the Bathurst Inlet 

 region. They succeeded in cleaning up the work pretty well as planned. 

 Their time was spent in making a more complete geological sheet of 

 the mainland and islands in the upper northwestern portion of Bathurst 

 Inlet. Over 200 islands were mapped in the region generally covered 

 in the charts by Chipman, Lewes and Marcet Islands. The group 

 consists of many small rocky islands which at a little distance have the 

 appearance of forming a continuous coast-line. 



The work of O'NeiU and Cox in March, April and May, 1916, com- 

 pleted the survey east to Cape Barrow practically as planned. O'Neill 

 summarizes the results of the work in that region as follows : "The 

 copper-bearing rocks in Bathurst Inlet occur on most of the islands 

 west of a line running northwest-southeast from the east side of Lewes 

 Island, and north of Kannayok Island. They cover most of the Banks 

 Peninsula and the western mainland shore from the mouth of Hood 

 River to Moore Bay, extending as much as 5 or 6 miles inland from 

 the coast. These rocks are amygdaloids and form several successive 

 layers which represent progressive, intermittent effusions of' lava. 

 Nearly all of them are impregnated with native copper over wide areas. 

 The copper occurs in veins and in amygdules, and is disseminated as 

 pepper throughout the ground mass. I have made a very conservative 

 estimate of the amount of this copper-bearing rock (in which I actually 

 saw native copper) and it seems that two billion tons is well within the 

 limit. It will be necessary to wait for analyses, and for the plotting of 

 the map to give a close estimate of the value of these deposits." 



Chipman, with Eskimo camp assistants, and Corporal W. V. Bruce,* 

 R. N. W. M. P., as voluntary aide, left Bernard Harbor on April 12, 

 1916, to finish the survey of the south side of Coronation Gulf east 

 from the mouth of Rae River (where Cox left off in 1915) to Cape 

 Barrow. Chipman completed this by May 20. 



After returning from the Croker River survey I made a trip into 

 the Bathurst Inlet region to investigate the occurrence of ovibos, and 

 other distributional problems of the fauna, as well as look up and assist 

 the various surveying parties on their return. 



The snow was pretty soft by May 19, and I could not make the 

 projected inland trip south of Arctic Sound. I met O'Neill and Cox 

 in Bathurst Inlet, and returned to Cape Barrow with them, meeting 



* Corporal Bruce was the guest of the expedition while engaged in gathering 

 evidence about the murder of two Roman Catholic priests two years before. 

 See below. 



