GLACIATION OF NEWFOUNDLAND. 61 
the eastern shores that deep and strongly marked fwrows are chiefly displayed, and the 
denuding influences are most conspicuous ; and nowhere are they more prominently observed 
than in Conception Bay and the surrounding country. The following table will show the 
position at which observations were taken by the officers of the Admiralty Coast Survey 
and by myself in Conception Bay, with the bearings from the true meridian, and the eleva- 
tions above the sea :— 
ICE MARKS IN CONCEPTION BAY. 











ks Hoche in Direction fr. True Mer. 
No. Places. Feet. ne : Remarks, &e. 
Grooves. Scratches. 
1 | Brigus N. Head.... 50 N. 60° E. N. 60° E. 
2 | James Point........ 80 N. 38° E. N. 18° EF, 
3 | Burke Point...... ee 8 N. 47° E. N. 31° E. 
4 | Campbell’s Hill..... 434 N°21: 
5 | Cat Point...... 5Q0n 4 N. 43° E. N. 38° E. 
6 | Blue Hills......... 839 N. 48° E. 
7 | Gastries............ 8 N. 39° E. 
Bh |) Wate eqoconsanaces 458 N. 30° E. 
9 | Holyrood, W. side.. 200 N. 30° E. 
10 < fe 3 N. 34° E. 
11 se E. side. 6 N. 26° E. 
12 | Bare Shoulder...... 580 N. 34° W. | Boulders smooth underneath, 
13 | Holyrood Butterpot. 999 Nee io Wie 
14 | Topsail Head....... 650 N. 43° W. | N. 43° W. 
15 | Little Bell Island...| H. W. M N. 38° E. 
15a | Gastries Point...... 160 N. 26° E. 
N. B.—The “cross-hatchings” (as they are termed), or the diversity between the bearings 
of the grooves and the scratches, seem to point to two or more sets of action. Probably this may 
be explained by supposing the latter markings to have been the result of local glaciers descend- 
ing from the hills after the land had risen considerably, and the great Mer-de-Glace had retreated. 


It will be observed by reference, to the above table, that the bearings on the west side 
of the bay coincide with those of the main topographical features and are nearly parallel 
throughout, ranging in elevation from the water's edge to the height of 839 feet ; whereas 
the furrows and scratches on the east side of the bay point westerly, and at some parts 
nearly at right angles to those opposite, while série were observed at the top of the Holyrood 
Butterpot at the height of nearly 1,000 feet, pointing N.7 W. At some parts, as at James’ 
Point, in Collier’s Bay, the grooves can be traced rising over its S. W. slope to its summit, 
and on Burke’s Point, which is a smooth and highly polished rock, a groove was observed 
twenty-two feet wide and twenty inches deep, traceable for seventy feet. This groove 
