TACONIC QUESTION IN GEOLOGY. 269 
The Taconic Question in Geology. 
PART I. 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
Cuarter 1.—JIntroductiou.—1. The work of Amos Eaton in American geology ; 2. His classification of stratified 
rocks; 3. The Primitive series; Gneiss and crystalline schists; Primitive Quartz-rock and Lime-rock ; 
4. The Transition series ; Argillite; the First Graywacke; 5. Its distribution; 6. Sparry Lime-rock ; 
Calciferous Sand-rock ; Metalliferous Lime-rock; 7. Lower Secondary series; Second Gray wacke ; lime- 
stones of the series. 
Cuapror I.—The Geological Survey of New York.—8. Emmons on the Northern district; the Champlain division ; 
9. The First Graywacke ; 10. Underlying slates, limestone and quartzite; the Taconic system; 11; 
Mather on the Southern district; his view of the Taconic; the Hudson s lates; 12. The First Gray wacke 
supposed identical with the Second; the Shawangunk and Green-Pond Mountain conglomerates ; 13, 
Vanuxem on the Central district; Pulaski or Loraine shales; Oneida sandstone; 14, Hudson-River 
group; its composite character and geographical distribution ; 15. Eaton on non-conformity between 
the Argillite and First Graywacke; the Potsdam and Calciferous sub-divisons ; Sparry Lime-rock; 16, 
Corniferous and Geodiferous Lime-rocks ; subordinate divisions ; Onondaga, Water-lime, Medina, Clinton ; 
17. Taconic slates or Upper Taconic of Emmons; Ordovician series; 18, Divisions of Eaton’s lowest 
Primitive rocks; Laurentian, Norian, Arvonian, Huronian, and Montalban; their distribution. Table 
showing the relations of the Taconic rocks. 
Cuarter III.—Geological Studies in Pennsylvania.—19. Two divisions of the Hudson-River group; Kishacoquillas 
valley ; 20. The Appalachian valley and North Mountain; Frankfort slates: Oneida sandstone ; 21. 
Stratigraphical break at the base of the Oneida; 22. Primal, Auroral and Matinal divisions of H. D. 
Rogers ; 23. Scolithus linearis ; 24-25. First Graywacke in Pennsylvania; Rogers’s southeastern type 
of the Champlain division or Lower Taconic; its lithology; 26. Its metallic ores; 27-28. Thickness of 
Primal and Auroral; 29. Thickness of Matinal ; its roofing-slates ; its sandstones and shales; 30. Resem- 
blance of these to First Graywacke; 31. On Cambrian and Ordovician in the Appalachian valley ; 32. 
Oneida conglomerate in central Pennsylyania; 33-34. Prime on Auroral and Trenton limestones; 
organic remains; 35. Primal slates and quartzites; 36. Conditions of their deposition; sections; 37. 
Rogers’s semi-metamorphic schists; 38-39. His Azoic and Hypozoic rocks; 40. Petrosilex-rocks of South 
Mountain; 41. Of Wisconsin; 42. Arvonian and Huronian in South Mountain; 45. Their relations to 
the Primal quartzite; 44. Relations of Primal and Auroral; 45. Their distribution in Lancaster and 
Chester valleys; 46. Distribution of Laurentian and Montalban; 47. Iron-ores of the Primal; their 
supposed mesozoic age; 48-50. Studies of these ores at Dillsburg, Cornwall, ete. ; 51. Their mineralogical 
characteristics. 
Cuarrer IV.—ZLower Taconic Rocks in Various Regions.—52-53. Emmons on these rocks in western Massachusetts ; 
quartz-rock, Stockbridge limestone and slates. 54. Roofing-slates ; distinguished from those of Upper 
Taconic; 55. Limonites and iron-breccias; 56. Emmons on Lower Taconic throughout the southern 
states to Alabama; Fontaine on Primal rocks in Virginia; 57. Lower Taconic beneath the coal- 
measures in Alabama; 58. Lower Taconic east of the Appalachian valley; its former spread ; 59. 
Maclure on its extension from the Delaware to Carolina ; 60. Emmons and Kerr on five belts of Taconic 
in North Carolina; the first and second; 61. The third, or King’s-Mountain belt; its extension to the 
Delaware; 62-63. Fourth and fifth belts; the latter continuous with the Ocoee and Chilhowee groups of 
Tennessee; 64. Kerr on these rocks as Huronian or Taconian; his Upper Laurentian is Montalban ; 
65. Paleotrochis; pyrophyllite, graphite, iron-ores; 66. Taconic in McDowell and Buncombe coun- 
ties; 67. Associated primary rocks; 68. Lower Taconic in South Carolina, Georgia and Alabama; 
Graves Mountain; 69. Lieber on the King’s-Mountain belt in South Carolina; 70. His Itacolumitic 
group; 71. Similar rocks in Brazil and Hindostan ; 72. Lieber’s classification of rocks in South Carolina ; 
