6 JOHN EBABE ON 



execution of the artist who reproduced them, gives warning that the day of Greek pre-em- 

 inence is drawing to a close. Both he and his dye-sinker, M. Pulzky thinks, were unmis- 

 takably half-castes. In India, Alexander had planted garrisons, founded cities, and formed 

 alliances. Seleucus gave his daughter in marriage to Chandragupta or Sandracottus. The 

 grandsons of the two friendly princes entered into renewed treaty relations (B.C. 256), and 

 in the next century the Eucratides already mentioned conquered as far as the modern Hy- 

 derabad. The coins of Meuander, who advanced farthest into north-western India, are found 

 from Cabul to Muttra on the Jumna. Grreek faces and profiles constantly occur on Buddhist 

 statuary, examjiles of which are seen at South Kensington. Eastward from the Punjaub, 

 the Grreek type begins to fade and its effect was probably inappreciable in modifying the 

 physical characteristics of the Hindoos. The traces of other mixtures are more percepti- 

 ble. Scythian invasion, for instance, did much to transform the population of northern 

 Hindostan, and the influence of the Scythic element on the growth of ideas was consider- 

 able. Some writers go so far as to ascribe to Buddha a Scythian origin.^ The Jats and 

 Dhe, so numerous in the Punjaub, have been identified by Greneral Cunningham and others 

 with the Grette and Dahse. The more recent occupations of the peninsula, from the House 

 of Ghazni to Bahadour Shah, must have done much to mingle the blood of the Aryans with 

 that of allied races. It is, indeed, striking testimony to the frequent untrustworthiness of 

 pretensions to pure blood, even when seemingly well-founded, that in India many mem- 

 l)ers of the warrior and other castes, whose privileges are guarded with the utmost jealousy, 

 have been strongly reinforced from ambitious outsiders of the aboriginal and other stocks. 

 In like manner, Dr. Neubauer, a distinguiished rabbi, in a paper read before the British 

 Association at Montreal, shows that many Jews whose jiride of race would disdain any 

 foreign admixture, are themselves aliens from the commonwealth of Israel. 



In Indo-China, in Ceylon, in Java, and elsewhere, both on the Asiatic continent and 

 Indian Archipelago, are the monumental evidences of races that have disappeared. Here 

 and there, also, some lonely remnant, such as the Veddahs of Ceylon, tells what the early 

 dwellers were like. The great region west of the Hyphasis, which constituted the twenty 

 satrapies of Darius," when the ancient Persian empire was at the height of its power, com- 

 jirised representatives, in every stage of amalgamation, of the Ar^^an, Semitic and Turanian 

 families. In the Oxus region, the contest between Caucasian and Mongolian has been going 

 on since the dawn of history, and every shade of interblending may still be found among 

 the tribes of the Afghan frontier. The Israelites intermarried with the conquered Canaan- 

 ites,^ notwithstanding the command to destroy them. Professor Sayce, who is inclined to 

 think that the Hebrew and Canaanite differed only in their modes of life, considers the 

 Phœnicians to have been modified by intermixture with the aborigines' According to the 

 same authority, after the age of the Old Empire, the dominant race in Egypt ceased 

 to he pure, and the Pharaohs of the Twelfth Dynasty had Nubian blood in their 

 veins, while the long domination of the Hyksos and the residence of the Phœnicians 

 in the Delta of the Nile had affected the popiilation of the country. The gradual change 

 of features is shown on the monuments, those of later periods differing essentially from 

 the earlier. 



' The Indian Empire, p. 1G6. '' HeroJotus iii. SU. 



■' Wilson's Prehistoric Man, ii. 248. * Ancient Empires uf the East, p. 182. 



