A KWAGIUTL GKAMMAE. 



63 



Notes. — (1) The noun is generally understood and therefore seldom mentioned. 

 (2) Certain words are used either for ma.sculine or feminine ; — 



kwanfikw, son or dauyliter. 



nagwûmp,ya(/itT-rn-Za)" or mother-in-law. 



nûla, elder brother or sister. 



zaya, younger brother or sister. 



wâkwâ, a woman's brother or a man's sister. 



(3.) Case of Nouns. 



Case shows the relation of a noun to other parts of the seuteuce. There are bi\t two 

 cases, viz., (1) a case that stands for Nominative, the subject, and Objective, the object of 

 the sentence ; (2) the Possessive Case, denoting the relation of property or possession 

 This is formed by the preposition of, e.g. " This is Henry's house" is literally in Kwagiutl, 

 "this is the house of Henry," gia vm giukvis Henry. The apostrophe shows that a letter 

 has been elided : written fully it would be gmkw as Henry. 



Examples. 



wînî giukwas Henry, 



gia um hwâkwuna sin îimp, 



kilhwâ klin klât kwàkwune's au.s, 



kilats sîwfiyau sin fimp, 



zihkl Awauûkwasa mâmâtl-â, 



}Yhere is the liouse of Henry ? 

 Tlds is the canoe of my fattier. 

 I uill buy the canoe of your father. 

 Bring me the paddle of my father. 

 Hie son of the while man is sick. 



(4.) Formation of Nouns. 



Most of the Kwagiutl nouns are formed from verbs, e.g. lakula is the verb " to work," 

 and from this verb we get the following nouns : — 



(1) ïâiulâyû, a tool (wîzin ïâAulâyau ? ichere is my tool f) 



(2) latuiri-inu/:, a labourer or one skilled in labour, (iâiulâ-înù/.'wï ' ans. Your father is a labourer.) 



(3) iûA'ulilgis, a servant, (widis ïâiulilgisa ? ' Where is your servant ?) 



(4) l:\knK\t, fellow luorkman. (la klin âle-kl iun îfiAulût. 1 uill go arid look for my co-ivorker.) 



(5) iï\kiûî\nmxi,n'agesoT what is gained by work, (kîyosin ïfiA-ulânum. Thave earned nothing.) 



(6) n\kn\a,s, place of icork. (wî dis îâ^'ulasa? Where are you working f) 



(7) ïâiulazï, workshop, (has uk-\t /.un munyâyau l.ïkâ ifU'ulazi. Fetch my ruler from the teorkshop.) 



The following is a list of nouns formed from their several verbs : — 



1. — A YU OR Tool Nouns. 



Nouns. 



ligiayfi, hammer. 



munyâyCi, measure. 



kunayCi, needle. 



sûbâyû, axe. 



hyildâyû, saw, 



kigiayû, oar. 



Verbs. 



' The finalletters i and à need some explanation. The t'(irmei-(i) is part of the verb "to bu." The letter (") is the sign of the 

 interrogative. 



' The first Person Singular is iin when it follows k, k, iii, », p, ii\ and in when it follows U, g, I, », I, ii. 



