12 SPOLIA ZEYLANICA 
found in the Kandyan hills above 2,000 feet. Its nearest 
relative is S. albicaudata, which is confined to the hills of the 
Malabar tract. 
Rhipidura albifrontata—our Fan-tailed Flycatcher—is 
found nearly all over India, but has a curiously restricted 
range in Ceylon—a restriction shared by several other species 
found in the Uva basin. It is abundant round Bandarawela, 
and equally common southwards from the Haputale range to 
the dry chenas of Tangalla and Hambantota. Its western 
range would appear to be a line drawn south from Haputale 
to Dikwella, ten miles west of Tangalla. North and east of 
Bandarawela it appears to range through the park country 
to Polonnaruwa in the North-Central Province, where it stops 
short on the boundary of the park country. 
Many of our Thrushes—7'urdide—show Malabar affinities, 
and are restricted to the Kandyan districts; others are 
migrants, or have a wide range. Pratincola atrata—the Hill 
Bush Chat—is found on the South Indian hills above 5,000 
feet. In Ceylon it is found on the higher patanas down to 
about 4,000 feet. Merula kinnisi—the Ceylon Blackbird— 
is peculiar to the Island, being found only on the higher 
ranges. There are two nearly allied species on the hills of the 
Malabar tract. 
Oreocincla imbricata—the Ceylon Thrush—and O. spiloptera 
—the Spotted-wing Thrush—are both hill species peculiar to 
‘eylon. The former is confined to hill forests over 3,000 feet, 
the latter inhabits the central hill region below 4,000 feet, and 
in places is found far into the low-country forests. The genus 
occurs in the Malabar tract, but is unknown in the Carnatic. 
Of the Plocidex, or Weaver Birds, we have ten species, 
belonging to three genera, all of which are common to the 
Malabar and Carnatic tracts. Most of our species, too, are 
found to have a wide range in India, but there is one, Uroloncha 
kelaarti—the Ceylon Munia—which is confined to the hills of 
Ceylon at elevations of over 2,000 feet. A closely allied 
species is found on the Malabar hills. 
The Finches—Fringillide—are largely Himalayan, only 
two species of Sparrow venturing as far south as Ceylon, both 
of which are widely distributed in India. 
