CEYLON RAILS, WADERS. GULLS, AND TERNS. 201 
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We have one species of Turnstone in Ceylon, while the true 
Plovers fall into three groups : the mainly resident Lapwings, 
with broad wings and a flapping flight; the migratory Golden 
Plover and its allies, with a speckled upper plumage; and the 
smaller Sand Plovers, of which some species migrate, while 
others remain with, us all the year. 
Ten members of the family come on to the Ceylon list. 
The four small Sand Plovers are all referable to the genus 
Aigialitis, the remaining six species are divided among as 
many genera. 
Rough Key to Ceylon Charadriine. 
I.—Bill straight, short, and conical, no swelling on tip. 
(a) Size small ; length 8°5 inches. 
Strepsilas interpres (the Turnstone). 
Ii.—Bill pigeon-shaped, slightly swollen at tip. 
A.—Wings broad ; upper plumage not speckled. 
(a) A red wattle in front of eye. 
Sarcogrammus indicus (Red-wattled Lap- 
wing). 
(6) A yellow wattle in front of eye. 
Sarciophorus  malabaricus (Yellow-wattled 
Lapwing). 
(c) No wattle. 
Chettusia gregaria (Sociable Lapwing). 
B.—Upper plumage speckled ; wings sharp and pointed. 
(a2) No hind toe ; length 9°5 inches. 
Charadrius fulvus (Eastern Golden Plover). 
(6) A small hind toe ; length 12 inches. 
Squatarola helvetica (Gray Plover). 
C.—Small forms under 9 inches; upper plumage not 
speckled ; wings sharp and. pointed. 
(a) No white ring round neck. 
(1) Wing 5:5 inches ; bill from gape 1 inch or 
over. 
. Aigialitis geoffroyi (Large Sand Plover). 
(2) Wing 5 inches ; bill from, gape -75 inch. 
Aj. mongolica (Lesser Sand Plover). 
