i6 



OCEANIC TINTINNOINA OF LAST CRUISE OF CARNEGIE 



collar, of which it forms the wavy, free end. The wide, 

 plane collar is an inverted truncated cone (50°), the lower 

 diameter of which is 0.92 oral diameter, reached at a little 

 over 0.54 oral diameter below the rim. The swollen, wide 

 bowl attains its greatest diameter of 1.35 oral diameters near 

 0.66 total length below the rim. The aboral end is widely 

 but bluntly angular (133°) and undifferentiated. 



The wall is thickest in the lower collar and upper bowl, 

 where it reaches 0.07 oral diameter. It thins above and 

 below to one-fourth this thickness, or even less. Single 

 layers of large, rectangular secondary prisms occur except in 

 the thicker regions, where there are two or even three layers 

 of smaller, commonly hexagonal ones. The cuff is hyaline, 

 the suboral cone has small prisms, and the collar and upper 

 bowl have larger, variously shaped ones, there being as 

 many as 72 around the equator of the bowl. An internal 

 ledge is lacking. 



Length, 70 to 95IX. 



Codonaria oceanica has a wide bowl like C. mucronata, 

 from which it differs in having a bluntly hemispherical in- 

 stead of pointed end. The lorica is more squat than that 

 of C. cistellula, which also is taller. It is not likely to be 

 confused with the other species. 



Recorded from twenty-one stations, eight in the Atlantic 

 and thirteen in the Pacific, as follows: two (2, 15) in the Gulf 

 Stream, three (18, 19, 20) in the Sargasso Sea, two (23, 24) 

 in the Atlantic equatorial region, one (34) in the Caribbean 

 Sea, one (35) in the Pacific equatorial region, five (40, 45, 

 46, 71, 78) in the Galapagos region, two (66, 67) in the South 

 Pacific middle latitudes, one (81) in the region of South 

 Pacific island fields, two (112, 145) in the North Pacific 

 middle latitudes, one (136) in the California region, and one 

 (151) in the North Pacific trade region. 



There are 8 pump and 16 net samples, of which 4 were 

 taken at the surface, 11 at 50 meters, and 9 at 100 meters. 

 Maximum frequency, 5 per cent at station 45; other records 

 above minimum (2 per cent) from stations 2, 34, 46; average 

 in Pacific net samples, 2 per cent. 



Temperature: Atlantic, pump samples 2o?32-24? 8 r (22?4i), 

 net samples 20?35-25?3i (22?8i); Pacific, i6?58-23?25 

 (i8?64) and i4?33-26?42 (2i?i7), respectively. Salinity: 

 Atlantic, pump samples 36.39-36.82 (36.67), net samples 

 36.02-37.15 (36.46); Pacific, 34.60-35.13 (34.87) and 34.42- 

 36.03 (35.32), respectively. Density: Atlantic, pump samples 

 24.47-26.07 (25.70), net samples 24.67-25.76 (25.15); Pacific, 

 23.58-26.21 (24.87) and 24.00-26.06 (24.56), respectively. 

 pH: Atlantic, pump samples 8.21-8.24 (8-23), net samples 

 8.14-8.27 (8.19); Pacific, 7.85-8.39 (8.17) and 7.88-8.19 

 (8.10), respectively. 



CODONOPSIS Kofoid and Campbell 



Codonopsis Kofoid and Campbell, 1939, pp. 60-61. 



Only a single species of this genus is known. It is peculiar 

 to the western part of the Pacific, not having been reported 

 elsewhere, even in the Indian Ocean. Evidently the distri- 

 bution of Tintinnoina is not conditioned solely by tempera- 

 ture or other physical factors, but by geographical conditions 



as well. One other genus of some importance, Epiaanella, 

 is exclusively Pacific, being limited to the cool waters of the 

 Humboldt Current. No species of EpicrancUa were found 

 in Carnegie material, but the Humboldt Current was not 

 extensively explored. In the Albatross and Zaca material 

 several species have been found; these two ships have in- 

 tensively explored the coasts of Peru and Chile. 



Codonopsis oUuia (Brandt) Kofoid and Campbell 



Cyttarocylis olliila, Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 115, fig. 212. 

 Codonopsis oHiila, Kofoid and Campbell, 1939, pp. 61-62. 



The stout, egg-shaped lorica, with distinct external sub- 

 oral ledge below the squarely truncated oral rim, and evenly 

 blunted aboral end, has a length of 1.41 oral diameters. The 

 thin, erect oral rim is entirely free of irregularity. The 

 collar region extends to the external ledge at 0.19 oral diam- 

 eter below the rim. It is ringlike, and triangular in section, 

 the apex forming the oral margin. The ledge is a hori- 

 zontal shelf 1.26 oral diameters in diameter, the sides of 

 which thin out distally and give the ledge a blunt free edge. 

 The ledge has a thickness, proximally, of nearly 0.08 oral 

 diameter. The bowl, below the collar, swells out to its 

 maximum diameter of 1.31 oral diameters at 0.73 oral diam- 

 eter below the rim. The sides of the bowl are full and some- 

 what lumpy locally in contour. The aboral end is evenly 

 rounded to blunt (110°) and without any special differentia- 

 tion. The end is closed. 



The wall is relatively thick, being 0.07 oral diameter in 

 thickness across the bowl. In the collar region it thins down 

 rapidly to the sharp-edged oral rim. The wall has a distinct, 

 thin inner lamina which coats the interior of the collar and 

 bowl. There are thin-walled, large, radial secondary poly- 

 gons in a single layer in the bowl; in the ledge these are in 

 two rows, and just below the oral margin there are minute 

 ones in several rows. There are about 33 hexagons across the 

 bowl before the ledge and 24 from ledge to aboral end. 

 Those immediately below the rim are minute and become 

 larger at the rim. Below the ledge they are subuniformly still 

 larger. The wall is soft and flaccid and is easily flattened by 

 pressure; the texture is not at all like that of Cyttarocylis. 



Length, 85 to 901.1. 



Loricae of Codonopsis ollula have been obtained only in a 

 limited area of the Pacific under rather uniform external 

 conditions. There seems to be little difference between 

 them, save, perhaps, in the shape of the aboral ends, and this 

 difference may be due to cover-slip pressure when the speci- 

 mens were examined in formalin-sea water under rather 

 heavy, long slips. 



Codonopsis ollula is unique. It bears some superficial 

 likeness to Cyttarocylis longa, but the wall structure is alto- 

 gether different, and the ledge of ollula is sufficient to dis- 

 tinguish it from any Cyttarocylis. 



Kofoid and Campbell (1929) followed Brandt (1907) in 

 the assignment of this species to Cytlarocvhs, but later (1939) 

 these authors reassigned it to a new genus, Codonopsis, in 

 which it is here retained. 



Recorded from five stations in the Pacific, as follows: one 

 (47) in the Galapagos region, one (48) in the region of 



