TAXONOMY AND DISTRIBUTION 



19 



in the Caribbean Sea, three (55, 65, 67) in the South Pacific 

 middle latitudes, three (68, 75, 80) in the Galapagos region, 

 two (131, 146) in the California region, and two (140, 151) 

 in the Pacific trade region. 



There are 29 net samples, of which i was taken at the 

 surface, 6 at 50 meters, and 22 at 100 meters. Maximum 

 frequency, 7 per cent at station 27; other records above 

 minimum (2 to 6 per cent) from stations 2, 17, 22, 23, 24, 

 28, 32, 75, 80, 131; averages, 3.0 and 1.6 per cent in the 

 Atlantic and Pacific, respectively. 



Temperature: Atlantic, i4?6o-26?97 (20?97); Pacific, 

 i2?i2-26?o6 (i8?7o). Salinity: Adantic, 35.11-36.81 (36.14); 

 Pacific, 34.30-35.95 (34.72). Density: Atlantic, 23. 98-26. 62 

 (25.40); Pacific, 22.80-25.52 (24.83). pH: Atlantic, 7.93- 

 8.26 (8.16); Pacific, 8.09-8^39 (8.17). 



Cyttarocylis conica Brandt 



(Figure 40) 



Cyttarocylis conica, Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, pp. 112-113, 

 fig. 220. 



The truncated-conical lorica has a length of 1.47 oral diam- 

 eters. The oral margin is irregular and ragged. The collar 

 forms a short segment of an inverted truncated cone (48°) 

 with even, regular sides, and its length is 0.12 total length. 

 The nuchal shelf is developed inside at its lower edge. The 

 shelf is feebly developed, angled, and horizontal. The gen- 

 erally conical bowl is formed below the shelf and there is 

 almost no nuchal constriction. The bowl has a length of 

 0.88 total length. It changes from about 22° suborally to 

 60° in the aboral region and has well filled sides. The aboral 

 end is squarely truncated, and about 0.18 oral diameter in 

 diameter. At the middle of the aboral end there is a minute 

 conical aboral peg, which is closed. 



The wall is regularly and evenly reticulated, with 50 or 

 more polygons around the suboral region and 35 to 42 

 around the meridian. The polygons are prevailingly pen- 

 tagonal to hexagonal, and subequal; each has an enclosing 

 mesh with thickened, heavy beams. The wall is about 0.04 

 oral diameter in thickness just below the throat, at the 

 thickest level, and elsewhere is thinner. The large secondary 

 prisms occur always in a single layer. 



Length, i57(.i. 



The Carnegie loricae are somewhat shorter than those 

 recorded elsewhere, the latter reaching to 210^. In propor- 

 tions and general shape the agreement with others is, how- 

 ever, close, and the smaller specimens may have come from 

 warmer water than others from the Atlantic. 



This species is unlike any of the others in the shape of the 

 aboral end, there being aboral flattening. For this reason 

 there can be little opportunity to confuse it with others. In 

 Cyttarocylis cassis the aboral end is pointed and the whole 

 bowl is a broad cone. 



Recorded from two stations in the Atlantic, 19 and 20, 

 both in the Sargasso Sea. 



There are 2 net samples. Frequency, minimum. 



Temperature, 22?42-22?56 (22?49); salinity (one record), 

 37.05; density (one record), 25.67; pH, 8.18-8.25 (8.21). 



Cyttarocylis eucecryphalus (Haeckel) Kofoid 



(Figure 42) 



Cyttarocylis cttcccryphalus, Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 113, 

 fig. 211. 



The stout, acorn-shaped lorica, with flaring collar and flat 

 aboral end, has a length of i.o oral diameter. The oral mar- 

 gin is regularly beset with numerous subequal, equidistant, 

 triangular, pointed teeth. The collar is a basal segment of 

 an inverted truncated cone (57°), with a length of 0.14 total 

 length. Its sides are slightly convex. The nuchal shelf is a 

 concave, virtually horizontal triangle (43°), and its width 

 is such that the diameter of the aperture between collar and 

 bowl is reduced to 0.72 oral diameter. The bowl is baggy, 

 increasing from about 12° in the upper 0.5 to 58° in the 

 lower section; nearer the aboral end it increases to 100°. 

 The aboral end is flattened, although not squarely truncated, 

 and its diameter is 0.32 oral diameter. There is no point. 



The wall is coarsely reticulated with about 23 polygons 

 across the throat and 17 from rim to tip. There is but a 

 single row around the collar. The polygons are largest in 

 the upper half of the bowl and become progressively smaller 

 in the lower part. They are prevailingly pentagonal, al- 

 though some are rounded triangles and some are hexagons 

 with rounded edges. The wall is subuniformly 0.03 oral 

 diameter in thickness, and the rectangular prisms occur in a 

 single layer in the gray, semitransparent wall. The lumen 

 is reduced by the internal shelf but otherwise follows the 

 outer contour. 



Length, 115 to 1 401.1. 



A few loricae tend toward a thimble-like bowl like the 

 one figured (fig. 42). 



Cyttarocylis eucecryphalus is closely related to C. brandti, 

 but its aboral end is flattened instead of blunted. It is like 

 C. longa, but its aboral end, again, is different. It is more 

 slender than C. ricta and has coarser meshwork. Cyttarocylis 

 plagiostoma is sharply pointed and has yet coarser meshwork. 



Recorded from forty-eight stations, sixteen in the Atlantic 

 and thirty-two in the Pacific, as follows: two (2, 16) in the 

 Gulf Stream, one (4) in the Atlantic drift, four (17, 18, 19, 

 20) in the Sargasso Sea, eight (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29) 

 in the Atlantic equatorial region, one (33) in the Caribbean 

 Sea, eleven (41, 42, 45, 46, 47, 69, 75, 77, 78, 79, 80) in the 

 Galapagos region, five (48, 49, 81, 82, 95) in the region of 

 South Pacific island fields, three (54, 66, 67) in the South 

 Pacific middle latitudes, two (113, 144) in the North Pacific 

 middle latitudes, seven (131, 135, 136, 137, 146, 147, 149) in 

 the California region, and four (109, 139, 150, 151) in the 

 North Pacific trade region. 



There are 20 pump and 53 net samples, of which 7 were 

 taken at the surface, 32 at 50 meters, and 34 at 100 meters. 

 Maximum frequency, 86 per cent at station 17 at 100 meters; 

 other records above minimum (2 to 74 per cent) from sta- 

 tions 2, 16, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 33, 41, 45, 46, 

 47, 48, 75, 77. 78, 80, 81, 95, 109, 131, 136, 137, 139, 146, 147, 

 149, 150; averages, 1.5 and 18.0 per cent in Atlantic pump 

 and net samples, and i.o and 4.8 per cent in Pacific pump 

 and net samples, respectively. 



