TAXONOMY AND DISTRIBUTION 



45 



toward the outside and inwardly convex. The collar is a 

 thin, membrane-like, hyaline cuff or ring with no trace of 

 spiral origin. Its upper margin is smooth, without irregu- 

 larity. The collar rests squarely upon the regular, neat bowl 

 below it. The bowl is long and thimble-shaped. The upper 

 part occupies 0.62 the total length. Its anterior diameter is 

 barely that of the oral opening, and it swells aborally to about 

 1. 1 7 oral diameters. This section, thus, forms a segment of 

 an inverted truncated cone (less than 10°). Its sides are 

 even and smooth, and have no trace of even the slightest 

 irregularity. The aboral section of the bowl is somewhat 

 greater than a hemisphere, or, perhaps more correctly, re- 

 sembles half an oval. It occupies about 0.16 the total length; 

 its length is 1.75 of its own diameter at the oral end. Its 

 sides are full, even, regular arcs and like the upper section, 

 with which it is continuous. The blunt, thick aboral horn 

 has a length of about 0.22 total length. Its diameter at its 

 flaring base, where it joins the bowl, is 0.36 oral diameter, 

 and its free end is 0.42 basal diameter. It is, thus, also an 

 inverted cone (12°). Its aboral end is almost squarely trun- 

 cated; its sides are sinuous and irregular, unlike the trim 

 lines of the upper parts. 



The cavity of the lorica follows the outer contour closely 

 in the collar and bowl, but in the horn it is reduced to a very 

 narrow, slightly twisted, conical lumen which extends for 

 about 0.7 the length of the horn itself. The cavity is widest 

 orally and reaches a sharp point aborally. The wall is sub- 

 uniformly about 0.07 oral diameter in thickness across the 

 bowl, and 0.17 between the outer lamina and the wall of the 

 lumen of the pedicel. There are an inner and an outer 

 hyaline lamina, continuous about the oral end of the bowl. 

 Between these laminae occur the secondary prisms in a single 

 layer in the bowl. The outer lamina vanishes in the lower 

 section of the bowl, but the inner one continues to the lumen 

 of the pedicel, where it thins out and finally disappears. The 

 secondary prisms are larger, about 75 in number from oral 

 to lower end of the bowl. In the pedicel and also just be- 

 neath the collar the prisms occur in several layers, two or 

 three across below the collar, and four or five aborally. They 

 are less regular in shape in these regions. There are 3 to 45 

 prisms across the wall of the bowl. The aboral horn is with- 

 out striations or other surface marks, like the bowl. 



Length, total 2691.1, pedicel ^■j[i; oral diameter, 75^1. 



Favella septentnonalis resembles F. jranciscana in general 

 facies, but has a thicker, blunter, clumsy horn instead of a 

 pointed one. The collar of jranciscana is a spiral, whereas 

 that of septentnonalis is a low ring. The wall of jranciscana 

 is roughened, unlike the trim one of septentnonalis. The 

 present species lacks the suboral bulge of F. arcuata and has 

 a different horn. It differs from F. serrata in having a 

 smooth, recurved collar and, again, a different horn. In 

 similar ways it differs from F. attingata. Favella ehrenbergii 

 lacks the collar of septentrionalis, and its horn is different. 

 Favella septentrionalis is more slender than F. conjessa and 

 of less square facies. It bears some resemblance to F. pana- 

 tnensis, but that species has a relatively longer and more 

 pointed, regular horn and a taller collar, often with spiral 

 structure. The horn of septentrionalis is not at all like that 



of F. campanula, which is also a trim lorica. It is propor- 

 tioned somewhat like F. taral{aensis, but the horn, again, 

 differs widely in form. The collar of taral{aensis is a spiral 

 and the margin is serrate. 



Recorded from one station (116) in the North Pacific 

 middle latitudes, in 2 net samples, i each taken at the surface 

 and at 50 meters. Frequency, 4 per cent in both samples. 



Temperature, n?i8-i6?07 (i3?62); salinity, 33.79-34.02 

 (33.90); density, 24.99-25.83 (25.41); pH, 8.11-8.17 (8.14). 



Type locality, station 116, surface; latitude 38° 41' north, 

 longitude 147° 41' east. 



Favella serrata (Mobius) Jorgensen 

 Favella serrata, Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 156, fig. 293. 



The generally cylindrical-conical, rather stout lorica, with 

 serrate oral rim, slight suboral bulge, and conical aboral 

 horn, has a length of 3.51 oral diameters. The oral margin 

 has about 70 minute, rounded triangular, subregular, slightly 

 incurved teeth. There is a low, hyaline, suberect cuff with 

 a width of less than 0.07 oral diameter immediately below 

 the margin, and the bowl contracts below it to a diameter 

 of 0.95 oral diameter at about 0.2 oral diameter below the 

 rim. Below this level it again swells out evenly to a diam- 

 eter of nearly i.i oral diameters at about 0.4 oral diameter 

 below the rim. This suboral bulge has a width of approxi- 

 mately 0.32 oral diameter. At the lower end the bowl 

 gradually and subregularly contracts as a cone (7°) for a 

 length of nearly 1.6 oral diameters, and then as a wider one 

 (42°) for i.o oral diameter. The upper section has more or 

 less full sides, and the lower cone is slightly convex. The 

 aboral horn is a narrow cone (10°) with a length of 0.86 

 oral diameter. Its sides are slightly sinuous and its tip is 

 pointed. 



The wall has a subuniform thickness of not over 0.04 oral 

 diameter, and there are thin inner and outer laminae between 

 which there are thin-walled, radial, single layers of prisms. 

 The prisms are a litde less wide suborally than in the lower 

 bowl. The surface displays a fine alveolar structure with an 

 occasional lacuna near the suboral part of the bowl. The 

 cavity of the lorica follows the outer contour except that the 

 horn is solid; the lumen enters into its upper end briefly. 



The animal has 2 oval macronuclei. 



Length, 3201.1. 



The Carnegie loricae are much more trim and less bulky, 

 with a relatively longer horn and with more pronounced 

 suboral contraction, than is typical. The horn is solid rather 

 than hollow. 



Favella serrata differs from F. septentrionalis in having a 

 serrate oral rim and a thinner, less blunt aboral horn. Its 

 bowl is less conical than that of F. attingata and its horn is 

 longer. It lacks the alae of F. helgolandica, and its bowl 

 and collar are different. Favella hrevis is squarish, with 

 suboral rings and a thicker horn. Favella conjessa has a 

 gradual transition between horn and bowl, and a very short 

 horn. Favella ehrenbergii lacks oral denticles, has no cuff 

 and no bulge, and has a wide, conical horn. 



Recorded from two stations, one each in the Atlantic and 



