TAXONOMY AND DISTRIBUTION 



oral diameters. The thin-edged, entire oral rim is surrounded 

 by a narrow hyaline band. The collar is an inverted seg- 

 ment of a cone (35°) with a length of nearly 0.41 oral diam- 

 eter, and with a similar diameter at the lower end; the sides 

 are slightly convex in the middle. The ovate bowl expands 

 rapidly from the neck, reaches 1.07 oral diameters at its 

 middle, and then slowly contracts to the blunted, but broad, 

 subrotund aboral end. 



The wall is thickened in the bowl to 0.05 oral diameter, 

 but lessens in the fundus and is much thinner in the collar. 

 I'here are single, or rarely double, layers of large, coarse 

 tertiary structures. The collar is almost transparent, and the 

 bowl is decidedly dense. The outer surface has large, crudely 

 formed polygons of various shapes and sizes, and almost 

 invariably there are large blobs of alveolar material adherent 

 on the surface, especially in the equatorial region of the bowl. 



Length, 85 to 901,1. 



CodoTiella aspera is variable in the shape of the aboral end 

 and in the extent to which adherent matter is found on the 

 surface. 



Codonella aspera has a more rotund, less trim bowl than 

 C. elongata and has coarse adherent matter that elongata 

 lacks; its aboral end is less pointed and its collar has lateral 

 convexity. Codonella grahami, a close relative of aspera, lacks 

 surface blobs, has a less rounded bowl, and has less irregular 

 prismatic structure in the wall. Codonella aspera is a species 

 of warmer latitudes than grahami, although not tropical. 



Recorded from four stations in the Pacific, as follows: one 

 (128) in the North Pacific middle latitudes, and three (130, 

 131, 132) in the California region. 



There are 2 net and 4 pump samples, of which 4 were 

 taken at 50 meters and 2 at 100 meters. Maximum fre- 

 quency, 99 per cent at station 128 at 100 meters; two other 

 records above minimum (12 and 14 per cent) from same 

 station at 50 and 100 meters respectively; averages, 50 per 

 cent and 7 loricae, respectively, in net and pump samples. 



Temperature: net samples io?23-i3?98 (12? 10), pump 

 samples io?23-i8?38 (i3?35). Salinity: net samples 33.14- 

 33-24 (33-I9). pump samples 33.07-33.89 (33.37). Density: 

 net samples 25.00-25.48 (25.24), pump samples 24.35-25.48 

 (25.37). pH: net samples 8.06-8.39 (^-22), pump samples 

 8.06-8.33 (8.18). 



Codonella diomedae Kofoid and Campbell 

 Codonella diomedae Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 59, fig. 118. 



The large lorica, with convex, swollen collar, elongated, 

 saccular bowl, and slighdy flattened aboral end, has a length 

 of 2.17 oral diameters. The oral margin is thin and entire. 

 There is a low (o.i oral diameter), hyaline ring around the 

 opening. The convex, suborally inturned collar expands 

 rapidly from the rim, and reaches 1.15 oral diameters at 0.33 

 oral diameter below the rim; the lower two-thirds contracts 

 to the neck, the diameter of which is equal to that of the oral 

 opening. The sides are full, and the angle (135°) is clearly 

 rounded. The long bowl expands below the throat to about 

 1. 15 oral diameters at 0.31 oral diameter below the throat, 

 becomes 1.23 oral diameters near the equator, and then slowly 



contracts in the posterior region to the aboral end. The 

 aboral end is nearly flat (about 0.78 oral diameter in diam- 

 eter); commonly it is just rounded off. 



The wall is 0.05 oral diameter in thickness across the bowl 

 and thinner in the collar. There are only single layers of 

 large, rectangular secondary polygons. The external surface 

 has fine reticulations with small polygons, and rarely "du- 

 plex" areas. 



Length, 105 to 1 271.1. 



Codonella diomedae resembles C. galea in general form. 

 It differs, however, in the swollen bowl and the usual flat 

 aboral end. These characters serve pretty much to distin- 

 guish it from all the other species. 



Recorded from sixteen stations in the Pacific, as follows: 

 four (41, 45, 47, 69) in the Galapagos region, three (62-63, 

 65, 67) in the South Pacific middle latitudes, one (85) in the 

 region of South Pacific island fields, one (109) in the North 

 Pacific trade region, four (134, 146, 147, 148) in the Cali- 

 fornia region, one (144) in the North Pacific middle lati- 

 tudes, and two (152, 153) in the Pacific equatorial region. 



There are 6 pump and 1 1 net samples, of which 4 were 

 taken at the surface, 3 at 50 meters, and 10 at 100 meters. 

 Maximum frequency, 6 per cent at stations 65, 67; other 

 records above minimum (2 to 3 per cent) from stations 109, 

 144, 147, 152; average in net samples, 2.5 per cent. 



Temperature: pump samples i7?46-22?73 (2i?28), net 

 samples ii?48-27?89 (i9?43). Salinity: pump samples 

 34.57-36.02 (35.06), net samples 34.19-36.24 (34.92). Den- 

 sity: pump samples 23.83-25.11 (24.46), net samples 23.38- 

 26.50 (24.79). pH: pump samples 8.12-8.37 (8.24), net 

 samples 7.76-8.29 (8.13). 



Codonella elongata Kofoid and Campbell 



(Figure 18) 



Codonella elongata Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, pp. 59-60, fig. 

 102. 



The tall lorica, with funnel-shaped collar, long, rather 

 narrow bowl, and narrowed aboral end, has a length of 1.6 

 oral diameters. The thin-edged oral margin is entire and 

 sharp. There is a narrow, hyaline cuff below the margin 

 with a width of 0.02 oral diameter. The flaring, inverted, 

 plane, funnel-shaped collar (38°) has a length of nearly 0.37 

 oral diameter, and a diameter at the neck of 0.75 oral diam- 

 eter. Just above the neck there is a narrow (0.07 oral diam- 

 eter) locally constricted region. The elongated, ovoid bowl 

 expands from the neck to i.i oral diameters at 0.4 its own 

 length. The sides are somewhat flattened in the equatorial 

 region, and above and below. The aboral two-fifths is 

 plainly convex conical (90°), and the aboral end is narrowly 

 rounded without distal prolongation. 



The wall" is 0.05 oral diameter in thickness in the equa- 

 torial region and gradually thins in the collar. There is a 

 single layer of large, rectangular prisms. The exterior has 

 thick-walled secondary polygons, and also in some loricae 

 an equatorial band of circular tertiary ones of two sizes. 



Length, 85 to 1171.1. 



The Carnegie loricae are broader-bowled and less trim 



