TAXONOMY AND DISTRIBUTION 



129 



aborally saccular region and shoulder. It differs, however, in 

 being pronouncedly longer (up to 43311. as against rarely as 

 much as i6o^). Its fins are longer and less ridgelike, and 

 the funnel is more gracefully concave. Salpmgella secata 

 has shorter fins and a narrower and distinctly tapering shaft. 

 Salpingella gracilis and S. atttnuata, though both elongated, 

 are not likely to be confused with this species. 



Recorded from one station (76) in the CJalapagos region, 

 in a pump sample taken at 50 meters. Frequency, minimum. 



Temperature, 20?43; salinity, 35.59; densitv, 25.11; pH, 

 8.14. 



Salpingella gracilis Kofoid and Campbell 



(Figures 119, 121) 



Sulpi/igclla gnicilis Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 353, fig. fiSi. 



The decidedly elongated, very slender lorica, with widely 

 flaring funnel, narrow shaft, and 7 to 9 long fins, has a 

 length of 8.90 to 13.57 oral diameters. The oral margin is 

 thickened and has a recurved, extended brim. The wide, 

 short funnel is an inverted basal segment of a truncated cone 

 (59° to 110°) with a length of only 0.3 to 0.5 oral diameter, 

 and its diameter at the lower end is approximately the same 

 as the length, or a little less. The very long, attenuated shaft 

 is thin and in sharp contrast with the wide funnel; it tapers 

 (2° to 3°) to the narrow, open aboral end, the diameter of 

 which is only about o.i oral diameter. The vertical fins arise 

 at 0.2 oral diameter above the aboral end and are decidedly 

 low, distinctly decurrent blades with lengths within 4.8 oral 

 diameters; they number 7 to 9. 



The exceedingly thin wall is glass-clear. 



Length, 320 to 434|.t. 



Variations in length with an amplitude of 114I-I, and in 

 proportions from 8.90 to 13.57 oral diameters, are probably 

 expressive of temperature relations and available lorica sub- 

 stance at the time of formation. Some few of Hofker's 

 (1931) loricae assigned to S. acuminata from the warm 

 Mediterranean may belong here, although they are not 

 figured, and are treated in this report as part of S. attcniiata. 

 the commoner species. 



Salpingella gracilis differs from S. glocl{cntdgeri in its 

 more widely flaring funnel, narrower shaft, more numerous, 

 longer fins, and narrow rather than swollen aboral end. 

 From 5. secata it differs in the lack of an aboral cylinder, and 

 in longer, more numerous fins. It is more slender than S. 

 ricta, and hyaline rather than dense in wall. Salpingella 

 atteniiata has fewer fins and averages shorter in length. On 

 the whole, gracilis is an outstanding tropical species rather 

 easily differentiated from others of the longer ones. 



Recorded from nine stations, one in the Atlantic and 

 eight in the Pacific, as follows: one (26) in the Atlantic 

 equatorial region, four (44, 45, 46, 75) in the Galapagos 

 region, one (no) in the North Pacific trade region, two 

 (136, 149) in the California region, and one (152) in the 

 Pacific equatorial region. 



There are 6 pump and 3 net samples, of which 4 were 

 taken at 50 meters and 5 at 100 meters. Frequencv, mini- 

 mum. 



Temperature: Atlantic, pump sample 18:40; Pacific, pump 



samples i4:32-22?37 (i8?8o), net samples i8?4o-23?26 

 (20^78). Salinity: Atlantic, pump sample 36.08; Pacific, 

 pump samples 34.50-35.23 (34.86), net samples 34.92-35.47 

 (35.24). Density: Atlantic, pump sample 26.01; Pacific, 

 pump samples 24.30-25.75 (24.95), net samples 24.13-25.55 

 (24.76). pH; Atlantic, pump sample 8.1 1; Pacific, pump 

 samples 7.87-8.39 (8.11), net samples 8.10-8.38 (8.21). 



Salpingella incurva Kofoid and Campbell 



(Figure 116) 



Salpingella inciirra Kofoid and Campbell, 1939, pp. 386-387. 



The rather thick, bradlike lorica has an in-rolled suboral 

 funnel, a thick shaft, and a length of 8.8 oral diameters. The 

 oral margin is narrowed by the thickened, incurved edge of 

 the funnel. This collar is an inverted basal segment of a 

 full cone (27°) with a length of 0.8 oral diameter; the 

 diameter at its lower end is similar to the length, and the 

 diameter at the upper end is 1.2 oral diameters. The shaft 

 continues below the funnel as a straight tube for about 6 

 oral diameters. It becomes convex conical (15°) in the 

 aboral 2:2 oral diameters, and the open aboral end lacks an 

 aboral cylinder. On the cone are 8 vertical, bladelike fins, 

 which reach their greatest width near their centers and be- 

 come decurrent at each end. 



The wall is uniformly scarcely o.oi oral diameter in thick- 

 ness, and is almost transparent, with no laminae or prisms. 



Length, 155^1. 



Salpingella incurva lacks the thickened rim around the 

 funnel, the aboral cylinder, and the great length of most 

 tropical species. It is something like S. subconica, and might 

 be confounded with it, but the suboral funnels are different. 

 It is longer than S. curta, and not so long as S. acuminatoides. 

 This last species also has the incurved funnel, but is thinner 

 and antarctic. 



Recorded from three stations (45, 46, 78) in the Galapagos 

 region. 



There are i pump sample, taken at 100 meters, and 2 net 

 samples, taken at 50 meters. Frequency, minimum. 



Temperature: pump sample 22?04, net samples 22?37- 

 23?26 (22?8i). Salinity: pump sample 36.17, net samples 

 35-23-35.33 (35.28). Density: pump sample 25.11, net 

 samples 24.13-24.30 (24.21). pH: pump sample 8.14, net 

 samples 8. 13-8. 16 (8.14). 



Salpingella jugosa Kofoid and Campbell 



Salpingella jugosa Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 353, fig. 674. 



The long, rather stout lorica, with distinct suboral ridges, 

 has a length of 7.12 oral diameters. The oral margin is 

 surrounded by a thickened brim. The suboral funnel is a 

 slightly convex cone (53°) with a length of somewhat over 

 i.o oral diameter, and has a diameter of 0.55 oral diameter 

 at its lower end. Just below the brim, on the funnel, are 7 

 decidedly left-turning (35°), subequidistant, narrow, raised 

 ridges, decurrent at each end, with lengths somewhat less 

 than that of the suboral funnel. The tapering (3°) shaft has 

 a length of 4.9 oral diameters and then rapidly becomes 



