69 



"The community focus ... is one of anthropology's most developed 

 methodologies and offers a significant contrast to the firm, county, 

 and larger political unit focus of economists. The community studies .. 

 would be informative and provide important baseline data. Two alter- 

 native approaches, however, might also be considered. 



"One would be to adopt a conflict resolution focus and study ex- 

 isting and potential conflicts between resource users. Pacific 

 northwest salmon allocation; recreation-commercial competition for 

 albacore, bluefin, and swordfish; U. S. - Mexico shrimp relations; 

 the impacts of resurgence of marine mammal populations; etc. are 

 conflicts which could be the research focus of anthropologists and 

 other social scientists. This would be a social issue, rather than a 

 community study approach. 



"A second alternative would be to take more of a systems view. 

 Fishermen and fishing communities are one component in the harvest 

 system composed of the biological system, and a social system which 

 includes buyers, processors, wholesalers, market, and consumers. 

 This fish harvest system is overseen by a number of regulatory agencies 

 and cross-cuts a number of communities. What impacts do market rela- 

 tions, consumer patterns, environmental concerns have on the ways 

 fish resources are used? A systems approach emphasizes factors 

 external to local communities which may affect their opportunities and 

 activities. " 



— from Courtland L. Smith, Assoc. Prof. 

 Department of Anthropology 

 Oregon State University 

 November 30, 1976 



"It must be made clear ... that the information required on 

 the social and economic aspects of the Act is not simply time 

 series or head counts. Although demographic data is one important 

 part, the more significant information must come from detailed, 

 analytical community studies. These efforts take more time and cost 

 more money than routine surveys, but are absolutely essential to 

 understanding the effects of the Act on fishing communities." 



— from Lauriston R. King, Program Manager 

 Marine Science Affairs 

 National Science Foundation 

 November 24, 1976 



