POLYCHAETOUS ANNELIDS 



INTRODUCTION 



The following is a report on the polychaetous anne- 

 lids collected by the Carnegie on cruise VII in 1928-1929, 

 and submitted to the writer for study through the courtesy 

 of Dr. J. A. Fleming, Director of the Department of Ter- 

 restrial Magnetism of the Carnegie Institution of Wash- 

 ington. As indicated on the accompanying map (p. iv) 

 and on the list giving the geographical positions of the 

 collecting statipns (pp. 44-51), the cruise covered ex- 

 tensive areas in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans. 

 With only a few exceptions three hauls were made at 

 each station at depths of (surface), 50 m, and 100 m. 

 With the description of each species the author has giv- 

 en the depth or depths at which it was collected, arrang- 

 ing these data in tabular form for convenience of refer- 

 ence in the case of the more abundant species. The lo- 

 cation of each station is designated on maps 1 to 4 (pp. 

 56-59) by black circles. The station numbers are indi- 

 cated by vertical figures for every fifth station in mul- 

 tiples of five, except where clarity requires numbering 

 at more frequent intervals. The slant figures designate 

 the species according to the legends on the maps. 



In view of the imperfect knowledge of the annelid 

 fauna of the oceans, it is to be specially noted that of the 

 twenty-eight species (not larvae or fragments) dealt with 

 or collected, fifteen are new, and two of the remaining 

 thirteen are not forms of the open ocean, as in the case 

 of Eurythoe complanata Pallas collected on Luminao 

 Reef, Guam, Mariana Islands. 



These fifteen new species belonging to seven fami- 

 lies are shown in table 1. 



Table 1. Fifteen new species of polychaetous annelids 

 collected by the Carnegie 1928-1929 



Family 



Polynoidae 

 Phyllodocidae 



lospilidae 

 Alciopidae 



Typhloscolecidae 

 Syllidae 



Nereidae 



Species 



Polynoella brunnea 



Haliplanella pacifica 

 Lopadorhynchus varius 



Phalacrophorus niger 

 Phalacrophorus maculatus 

 Phalacrophorus attenuatus 



Alciopa distorta 

 Torea fasciata 

 Vanadis uncinata 

 Corynocephalus magnachaetus 

 Callizonella pigmenta 



Plotobia paucichaeta 



Autolytus pacificus 

 Epitoica pelagica 



Nereis singularis 



The types and a representative set of specimens 

 have been deposited in the United States National Muse- 

 um. 



SYSTEMATIC DISCUSSION 



FAMILY AMPfflNONHDAE 



Genus EURYTHOE Kinberg 

 Eurythoe complanata Pallas 



Aphrodita complanata Pallas, 1776, p. 109, pi. 8, fig. 



1926. 

 Eurythoe pacifica Kinberg, 1857, p. 14. 



A single specimen recorded as collected on Luminao 

 Reef, Guam. 



Two bottles contained immature amphinomids, both 

 having been collected on the surface at station 40. In 

 one bottle was a single specimen having a rounded pro- 

 stomium and two eyes with no trace of tentacle or car- 

 uncle. The dorsal setae are heavy and serrate; the ven- 

 tral ones slender and smooth. The gills are pinnate. 



The other bottle contained several specimens, each 

 having rounded prostomium and a caruncle in the form 

 of a triangle, the base of the triangle being anterior. 

 There are four eyes. It seems probable that these are 

 Eurythoe, although instead of the heavy teeth figured 

 (e.g.) by Mcintosh for Eurythoe (1885, pi. 3A, fig. 7) they 

 have toothed setae carrying two rows of heavy spikes. 



FAMILY POLYNOIDAE 



Fragments of a specimen, evidently a species of 

 Halosydna, were taken on a reef in Apia, Samoa, and an- 



other in 100 m at station 40. The latter are translucent- 

 white and have very long tentacles and dorsal cirri. The 

 only elytra present are those of the first pair which cover 

 the head. Other larval polynoids were recorded from 

 Easter Island. 



Genus POLYNOELLA Mcintosh 

 (Plate I, figures 1-3) 



Polynoella brunnea n. sp. 



The body is 10 mm long and, for the first five so- 

 mites, 2 mm wide. Behind somite 5 the body tapers to 

 a narrow pygidium. The prostomium (pi. I, fig. 1) is 

 composed of two oval lobes placed at such an angle with 

 one another that their anterior ends are farther apart 

 than their posterior ends, and they are separated by a 

 deep constriction. The median cirrophore fits into the 

 anterior angle between the prostomial lobes, its poste- 

 rior end being quite narrow. From here it widens to 

 about one-third its length from the anterior end, and then 

 narrows again. Its style is very long and tapers gradual- 

 ly to a sharp point. The cirrophores of the lateral tenta- 

 cles are more nearly uniform in diameter but are nar- 

 rower than the median. Their styles are similar inform 

 to the median but are smaller. The tentacular cirri are 

 similar in form to the lateral styles as are the palps, 

 though much larger. 



There are ten pairs of elytrophores but unless a 



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