ORDER I.—BEETLES. Al 
proceeding from which live from four to six years before 
they become perfect. When full grown, they are three 
inches long, thick, of a straw color, with a yellow head, 
brown jaws, and nine air-holes on each side of the body. 
Two years ago I removed the post of my garden gate, 
which was of oak and had become decayed, and found 
around it, below the surface of the ground, more than 
thirty of these grubs, which I put in a vessel with the same 
decayed wood, but they died during the winter. 
The Stag Beetle of Europe is of the same form and color, 
but more than as large again, and is therefore the largest 
Beetle of Europe. 
The Cossus (grubs), which the ancient Romans considered 
so great a delicacy, were taken by them from oak-trees, and 
were probably the same species. Pliny says, “‘ Praegrandes 
roborum delicatiores sunt in cibo: Cossos vocant.” 
The larva of the Stag Beetle, when full grown, prepares 
from the earth its cocoon, which is of an oval form, and in 
which it remains about four weeks, after which time it 
emerges as a perfect insect. These Beetles are found in all 
the States of the Union. 
The Inpran Ceronta (Cetonia Inda).—One of the ear- 
liest Beetles which the wandering natural- 
ist meets on his exploring expeditions is the 
pretty Indian Cetonia. These little creat- 
ures, clad in a modest copper-brown dress, 
and covered with short hairs, are seen, in 
the months of April and May, flying like 
bumble-bees for short distances only and 
then alighting in the sand. Their beauty 
and their early appearance very generally awaken the 
pleasant anticipations of a tropical temperature. 
Several years ago I made an excursion on the first day 
of May with a young gentleman from Germany, an enthu- 
“siastic amateur in Entomology and Natural History gener- 
Figure 8. 

Indian Cetonia. 
