ORDER IV.-——-MOTHS AND BUTTERFLIES. V7E 
tending the use of tar, and the injury it does to the trees, 
when allowed to run and remain on the bark, have caused 
many persons to neglect this method, and some to try vari- 
ous modifications of it and other expedients. 
“ Among the modifications may be mentioned a horizontal 
and close-fitting collar of boards, fastened around the trunk, 
and smeared beneath with tar; or, four boards nailed togeth- 
er like a box, without top or bottom, around the base of the 
tree, to receive the tar on the outside. This can be used to 
protect a few choice trees in a garden, or around a house, 
or a public square, but will be found too expensive to be 
applied to any great extent. Collars of tin-plate fastened 
around the tree, and sloping downward like an inverted 
tunnel, have been proposed, upon the supposition that the 
moths would not be able to creep in an inverted position 
beneath the smooth and sloping surface. This method will 
also prove too expensive for general adoption, even should 
it be found to answer the purpose. <A belt of cotton-wool, 
which it has been thought would entangle the feet of the 
insects, and thus keep them from ascending the trees, has 
not proved an effectual bar to them. Little square or cir- 
cular troughs of tin, or of lead, filled with cheap fish-oil, 
and placed around the trees, three feet or more above the 
surface of the ground, with a stuffing of cloth, hay, or sea- 
weed between them and the trunk, have long been used by 
various persons with good success; and the only objection 
to them is the cost of the troughs, the difficulty of fixing 
and keeping them in their places, and the injury suffered by 
the trees when the oil is washed or blown out, and falls 
upon the bark. Mr. Jonathan Denis, Jun., of Portsmouth, 
Rhode Island, has obtained a patent for a circular leaden 
trough to contain oil, offering some advantages over those 
that have heretofore been used, aithough it does not en- 
tirely prevent the escape of the oil, and the nails with 
which it is secured are found to be injurious to the trees. 
H2 
