a> ea 
186 NORTH AMERICAN INSECTS. 
degrees Fahrenheit, by which process all caterpillars in or 
upon the grain are destroyed, and of course further propa- 
gation prevented. Grain brought from the Russian sea- 
ports Odessa or Riga always find a ready market for ex- 
portation, on account of their excellent quality and general 
freedom from the ravages of insects. In Germany they 
sprinkle the floors of their granaries, and even the grain it- 
self, with salt water, and overturn the grain heaps with 
* shovels as often as possible. 
The Carpet-moth (Tinea tapetzella). 
This is another very small, but very annoying and trou- 
blesome moth. It has dark-brown fore wings, and gray- 
ish-brown hind wings. It flies around in the beginning of 
summer, depositing its eggs in carpets, the cloth lining of 
carriages, and woolen clothes generally. Its eggs are white 
and round, and in about three weeks from the time they are 
laid very small caterpillars proceed from them, which are 
yellowish white, and so transparent that any colored stufi— 
for instance, scarlet cloth—eaten by them is distinctly visi- 
ble in their bowels. In the cloth lining of carriages we 
very often find thread-bare places, which are made by these 
larvee, who bite off the woolly nap of the cloth, from which 
they manufacture a silky cylinder-like cover over their bod- 
ies, open at one end, from which they stretch out their 
head when eating the hair of the wool. They form their 
cocoons in much the same manner as other moths, and in 
about two weeks after are again metamorphosed into per- 
fect moths. Beating and brushing all woolen cloths liable 
to their invasion is generally sufficient to prevent their dep- 
redations. A cedar chest is also said to afford entire pro- 
tection from them for all clothes kept in it, and the same is 
true if woolens be wrapped up with camphor, or sprinkled 
with snuff or tobacco when packed away. 
But our limits will not allow further notice of these 
