26 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
but indirectly throughout the Dominion, in encouraging the establish- 
ment of modern methods and appliances, and generally making our 
public libraries of wide educational value. 
It would not be just to close this brief sketch of the present 
state of Canadian publie libraries, without mentioning the munificent 
generosity of Mr. Andrew Carnegie. The same broad-minded spirit 
which has led Mr. Carnegie to build public libraries in almost every 
quarter of his adopted country, and throughout his native Scotland, 
now embraces Canada as well. In Ottawa, Halifax, Vancouver, 
Winnipeg and many other Canadian cities and towns, our people 
have good reason to appreciate the munificence of the great steel 
maker. 
CATALOGUES AND CATALOGUING. 
Modern cataloguing dates from the famous code of ninety-one 
rules, prepared under the direction of Sir Anthony Panizzi, greatest 
of modern librarians, and published in 1841. These rules were pre- 
pared for use in the British Museum, of which Panizzi was then Keeper, 
but they have since been adopted, with certain changes and modifi- 
cations, by most of the libraries and librarians of England and America. 
When these rules were considered before the Royal Commission 
appointed in 1847 to inquire into the constitution and government 
of the Museum, some curious evidence was adduced. Even such 
eminent librarians as Mr. J. G. Cochrane, of the London Library, 
objected to the rules in toto, maintaining that “they were more calcu- 
lated to perplex and to mystify than to answer any useful purpose.” 
When Mr. Cochrane was asked the question “ Do you object to rules in 


1 The following is a list of the gifts of Mr. Carnegie to Canadian libraries, 
up to the end of April, 1902:— 
Berlin’ Ont... <6... .. .. =. .-0.. 910, 000 salltyste;, Marie, Ont... i. 12 2. Sl0oee 
CHatham Ont. .., 22s ss saree Lp O00MSherbnooke QUE... 2.1 MIb 000 
Collinewood Ont... 0. 7 wee DOU MOMIE PAIE Ont... 0.007010 000 
Cornwall Ont. 20 MN mn OISE CA ETannes, Ont. 4.07: 357m O00 
Godenich Ont. "7. LMP MODO Sidon, NB; sa.) 5): 2.105000 
Guelph Ont: 2... ca ce sc. orice) 20 000MSE Thomas On... yes.) te plOAQOG 
Pfam) TD UODMSETEIEOTO WONT. 1220... ioe! ale velo TOUO 
TANGSAN Ont. 0 2e CEE ORO UO SES YIU NGUING See fore) En ec aie eal OOO 
London (Ont... \.k) as 4.) sb ine (25) SOOO SMiameoliver; BIC. 1.201: 1 .4)' 0) 5.) EO OOR 
Montreal Quel.) 2.0 ..).< c2 0s) D0 000 Victoria, BC... 3:60 000 
Ottawa, ONE 2. 2c. oe ae see 100 0DD MN VANOSOT ONT ii. 2655. ve le os 20;000 
Palmerston, Ont.. .. .. .. .. .. 6,000) 0Winnipes, Man. 7... 11: 52.5 100}000 
Pembroke, Out: :2 /:; .. 33: 2 2.) 10/000) Wammouth, NCS. 1. 1. eb ico ODD. 
SATHANONE esp MNT NET EN ae) LD OU , 
This makes a total of $826,500, to which may be added $50,000 for a library 
in St. John’s, Newfoundland. 
