[WITHROW] THE UNDERGROUND RAILWAY 51 
incidents of the anti-slavery campaign. The biographies of Fred 
Douglass, Josiah Henson, Austin Steward and other escaped slaves, 
also describe many personal incidents and adventures. A very viva- 
cious volume entitled “ Heroes in Homespun,” by Ascot Hope (Robert 
Hope Moncrief), gives vivid pictures of the prolonged anti-slavery 
struggle. The investigations of Dr. Samuel G. Howe on the condition 
of the refugees in Canada after the Secession War were very pains- 
taking and exhaustive, and his book on the subject gives much valu- 
able information. Other memoirs, biographies, local histories and maga- 
zine and newspaper articles describe various aspects of the great moral 
crusade for the abolition of slavery and succour of the slave. 
Mrs. Stowe’s “ Uncle Tom’s Cabin” gives a graphic account of 
Underground Railway methods, and the Key to that work furnishes 
corroborative statements vindicating the general truthfulness of her 
novel — Levi Coffin, for instance, being faithfully portrayed under a 
pseudonym. Several of the anti-slavery poems by Whittier, Lowell 
and Longfellow catch their inspiration from the stirring episodes of 
this great movement. 
The latest, best digested and most comprehensive book on this 
subject is “The Underground Railway from Slavery to Freedom,” by 
Wilbur H. Siebert, Professor of European History in Ohio State Uni- 
versity... No other writer has so carefully investigated the sources 
of information, so admirably digested the vast multitude of facts he 
has discovered or presented them in such a luminous manner as Pro- 
fessor Siebert. To his volume land to those of several of the other 
writers referred to above we are indebted for much of the data of this 
paper. To this we add our own recollections of the antebellum 
period, our personal acquaintance with not a few fugitive slaves and 
our intensely interested observation of the struggle for the rendition 
of Robert Anderson, which was one of the causes célèbres of Canadian 
jurisprudence. 
It is somewhat remarkable that such law-abiding and peace-loving 
people as the Friends or Quakers should be such active agents in the 
violation of law and defiance of authority involved in the abduction, 
concealment and forwarding to their destination of the hunted slaves. 
The zealous abolitionist and Underground Railroad agent, to use 
the words of Professor Albert Bushnell Hart, of Harvard University, 
argued thus: “In aiding fugitive slaves he was making the most 
effective protest against the continuance of slavery; but he was also 
doing something more tangible; he was helping the oppressed, he was 
eluding the oppressor; and at the same time he was enjoying the most 
romantic and exciting amusement open to men who had high moral 

1 Macmillan Company, New York, 1898. 8vo, pp. 478. 
