[Hay] FLORA OF NORTHERN NEW BRUNSWICK 127 
fern, Aspidium aculeatum var. Braunii, and the different types of the 
royal fern (Osmunda) and the Asplenium theiypteroides. On the islands 
near the mouth of the Metapedia was found that most graceful of all 
our larger ferns, the maiden-hair, Adiantum pedatum. 
The gorges and hillsides furnished an even greater variety of the 
smaller ferns. The rock Polypody (Polypodium vulgare) somewhat rare 
in our northern counties grew in great profusion in places, its fronds 
sometimes reaching a length of from fifteen to eighteen inches. The 
green spleenwort, Asplenium viride, filled crevices of limestone rock, 
occasionally found with the rarer cliff brake, Pellea gracilis. The 
delicate and graceful fronds of these two ferns and their light green 
color, arching out from the gray crevices of rocks, often far beyond 
reach, and the two bladder ferns, Cystopteris bulbifera and. C. fragilis 
occupying the taluses at the foot of the cliffs, formed a picture that 
would delight the lover of these beautiful plants. Both the Asplenium 
viride and the Pellæa gracihs are ferns loving the shaded calcareous 
rocks having a northern exposure, and are extremely difficult to 
cultivate. I have succeeded with the Asplenium after repeated 
attempts, and then only by reproducing the conditions of its habitat 
as exactly as possible. The Pellwa has so far defied all attempts with 
me at cultivation. Other rare ferns met with in secluded places on 
the hills and mountains were the rare Aspidium fragrans, its clusters 
of dead and living fronds forming patches among inaccessible rocks, 
and Woodsia hyperborea and W. glabella. ‘These three ferns, known 
in but few localities in the Atlantic provinces of Canada, were found in 
several places on the Restigouche, and were especially abundant near 
the top of Squaw Cap Mountain at a height of nearly two thousand 
feet above the sea. By making a rockery and lining the crevices with 
portions of slate rock gathered from where the ferns were growing, I 
have succeeded so far in making them thrive passably well. 
One of the most abundant plants on the Upper St. John river and 
along the whole course of the Restigouche.is the Campion Flower, 
Silene cucubalus. The branching habit of this plant, forming clusters 
in congenial situations, its greenish white leaves, gray bladder-like 
calyx, surmounted by a milk white corolla, renders it a conspicuous and 
interesting object along the shores and islands of these rivers. It is 
not indigenous, but has evidently followed the footsteps of man as 
explorer and settler. Mr. M. L. Fernald, of Cambridge, in an interest- 
ing article on this and some other foreign plants, attributes their 
introduction into New Brunswick and Maine to the Jesuits and early 
French explorers. In this connection it is interesting to note the 
presence of a plant near Fredericton, New Brunswick, which, so far as 
I know, is not found in any other locality in the Northern States or 
