134 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
dered by marshes, covered by tamaracks, stunted swamp spruces, alders, 
viburnums and various heath plants such as Ledum, Kalmias, Vacci- 
niums, Cassandra, Rhodora. The dark purple flowers of the pitcher 
plant contrasted with the clusters of white flowers of the Labrador 
Tea, in endless profusion, make even the swamps flower gardens. Every- 
where the borders of the shallow lakes were covered with yellow and 
white pond-liies (Nuphar advena, N. Kalmiana and Nymphea 
odorata), the shield-like leaves of Brasenia pellata, numerous Pota- 
mogetons and the floating heart (Limnanthemum lacunosum), grasses, 
carices and other sedges, rushes and equisetums fill the shallower 
parts of the lakes. Among these, several rare forms were found, most 
of which are new to New Brunswick,— Glyceria borealis, Scirpus 
atrocinctus var brachypodus, Carex canescens var vulgaris, Carex tris- 
perma, Carex sterilis var excelsior, Carex interior, Carex stricta var 
curtissima, Carex rostrata var ambigens, Carex vesicaria var jejuna. 
The arctic species of plants found on the Restigouche and upper St. 
John are absent along the Southwest Branch and other tributaries of 
the Tobique, which occupy a central position in Northern New Bruns- 
wick, lying in a comparatively sheltered position with numerous small 
affluents which take their rise in surrounding low hills. It is without 
any of the representatives of that New England flora which is found 
in the valley of the upper St. John in northern Maine and in north- 
western and western New Brunswick, many of the species of which 
represent a flora to be found several degrees further south, but which 
the climate and soil along the St. John river cause to grow in abun- 
dance even side by side with boreal species. Among these are Poly- 
gala Senega, Polygonatum biflorum, Asarum Canadense, Sanquinaria 
Canadensis, Tanacetum Huronense, and others. 
It would be interesting in this connection to trace out this some- 
what unique feature of the flora of the St. John river, combining as 
it does certain southern forms with boreal types, but I refer those 
who are interested to papers written by Dr. G. L. Goodale, of Harvard 
University, Mr. B. L. Fernald, of Cambridge, and other New England 
botanists, and to articles found in the Bulletins of the Natural His- 
tory of New Brunswick.* 

1 “On the Occurrence of Arctic and Western Plants in Continental Acadia,” 
by G. F. Matthew, Natural History Society of N.B., 1869. ‘ The Botany of 
the Upper St. John,” by G. U. Hay, Bulletin Natural History Society of N.B., 
Vol. I., Part 2, p. 21, 1883. 
